Thank you for the important question. In any case of refractory epilepsy I propose to find out, whether there is a sleep or awakening epilepsy. The difference ist striking concerning behavior and mental status. Patients with idiopathic (genetic) awakining epilepsy ("Aufwach-Grand mal" and/or "juvenile myoclonic epilepsy" and/or "absences") are more "intelligent", but often less cooperative than patients with sleep-epilepsy. The compliance is much better in the therapy of symptomatic (cryptogenic) sleep epilepsy.