Buy and read a textbook on colloid science.

There's no way you are going to the answer to your question since you haven't said anything about what your are making and why you are making it. i.e., readers have no idea at all about your application, what you need to achieve and what you have to avoid.

And please ignore anyone who makes claims about minimum zeta potentials for stability - they are showing their ignorance of what is a complicated and well-understood scientific discipline. A good textbook (preferable with the word colloid and not nanoXXXX in the title!) will prove invaluable.

John Francis Miller

Thank you, Sir. It's about remediation of the environment from different types of contaminants.

Ipsita Priyadarshini By way of illustration as to why it's complicated, consider a situation where you have a contaminated solid and the contaminant is nanoparticulate. You would probably want to try to wash the particles away by using a surfactant solution to disperse them. The mechanisms for this are well-understood and, simplistically, require using an ionic surfactant that adsorbs on the particles and gives it a high electrical charge (characterized as a high zeta potential). This will keep the particles dispersed in the liquid and be washed away from the solid. In contrast, if you have contaminated water with highly dispersed particulates, you will probably want to add a polymer that adsorbs in such a way that it bridges between particles and makes them aggregate. The aggregated material can be readily separated. Or you could add a lot of electrolyte to destroy any electrostatic repulsion between the particles to achieve a similar affect.

Each scenario has different requirements in terms of controlling and measuring zeta potential.

Ipsita Priyadarshini

To get acquainted with colloid chemistry, I offer a dictionary of the main terms of this science.

Data Yu.A.Mirgorod, R.V. Grebennikova. Glossary on Colloid Chemistry.

Zeta potential is a physical property that is exhibited by any particle in suspension, macromolecule, or material surface. It is an important and readily measurable indicator of the stability of colloidal dispersions. The magnitude of the zeta potential indicates the degree of electrostatic repulsion between adjacent, similarly charged particles in a dispersion.

Ankur Verma Thank you so much.