Ménière's disease is a disease of the inner ear that is characterized by potentially severe and incapacitating episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss, ....
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Mirza S, Gokhale S. Pathophysiology of Meniere’s Disease [Internet]. Up to Date on Meniere’s Disease. InTech; 2017. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/66388
"MD is characterized during its active phase with the characteristic symptom triad, of episodic vertigo and tinnitus with fluctuations in hearing, followed by a symptom‐free period, ultimately resulting in a more permanent dysfunction of the above symptoms. Any theory attempting to explain the pathophysiology of MD has to account for processes that result in a reversible dysfunction of both the cochlea and vestibule, with long‐term chronic deficits. Examples of reversible causes include noise, toxins such as salicylates, viral infections and immune‐mediated mechanisms, most of which do not show morphological changes unless they turn permanent.
This suggests a possibility of a final common pathway in a variety of conditions that could all result in fluctuating cochlear and vestibular dysfunction. The exact mechanisms are not clearly elucidated, with noise‐related damage being a notable exception. In all cases, a persistence of the metabolic dysfunction results in permanence. Hence, it may be inferred that MD is modeled on the pathophysiology of disorders wherein abnormalities of metabolic dysfunction result in a permanent vestibulocochlear dysfunction.
The problem in MD is thought to be malabsorption of endolymph, mainly in the duct or sac. This outflow dysfunction is usually a slow process, the inciting etiological event having occurred possibly years earlier."
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