I would suggest controlled experiments involving hypothesis testing as well as demonstrating the effect of type I and II errors (false negatives and false positives). Focusing on learning common fallacies and misconceptions through examples is probably also a good idea. Students learn best by doing, especially if this involves explaining to others how they were reasoning. This can involve exercises or experiments. Properly designed experiments applied to the domain the student is studying is probably motivating.
I would suggest controlled experiments involving hypothesis testing as well as demonstrating the effect of type I and II errors (false negatives and false positives). Focusing on learning common fallacies and misconceptions through examples is probably also a good idea. Students learn best by doing, especially if this involves explaining to others how they were reasoning. This can involve exercises or experiments. Properly designed experiments applied to the domain the student is studying is probably motivating.
Statistics to the service of the human beings, random to the service of impartial knowledge, inference based on facts and no supposed hypothesis. This would do reasonable statistics and not do complicated abstractions without real basis.