Today, it's a well known fact that, procurment of drinking water will be a challenge in present century. Water conservation and its management shall become urgent need of the society. There's need to get an awareness along with proper R & D works to enable solutions for water crisis in the future.
Well,
https://www.mayorsinnovation.org/images/uploads/pdf/Pacific_Institute_TheCostofAlternativeWaterSupplyEfficiencyOptionsinCA.pdf
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The domestic and industrial wastewater must get targeted for its reusing, with costs effective solution. Technically, all such wastewater can be recycled, using renewable energy based costs effective techniques. There is need to develop a portable solar thermal heating system. The wind based electric heating can also be used. Because, either solar potential or / and wind blowing can exist geographically, with change in temperature's. The wastewater should get heated to enable steam, and this steam after condensing would get available for reusing. Now globally, there is great need for R&D to enable manufacturing of the low cost portable solar thermal heating system. Because, re-mineralization of this condensed water will not be a big problem.
I recommend this solution to my questions.
Revered Professor Raj Kumar Kapooria,
I think you are expecting the answer on Engineering application including Economics aspects. It could be a Dam construction at Micro,Medium level with investment cost of 5-10 Crores in order to preserve the water for the society. Watershed Management is the best solution for farmers community with investment of 10lakhs up to 50lakhs for agricultural purposes. R&D can conduct the scientific Feasibility studies to bring out the clear picture of the forecast.
You have not highlighted the Waste Water in your Question.
Regards
M.Senapathy
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