A schema refers to a general framework or structure of knowledge about a concept or situation, while a script is a specific type of schema that represents a sequence of events or actions in a particular context, often tied to routine or expected behaviors.

In cognitive construction grammar (Langacker, Lakoff, Hoffman & Trousdale) a schema is an abstract representation of a construction (morpheme, word, phrase, proposition, sentence) seen as assemblies of usage-based parings of form and meaning, whereas a script a propositional idealized cognitive model consisting of an initial state, a sequence of events and a final state.