Is it the fracture of the solid bonds or the local dilatancy (Granular feature)?
I think that we must always try to solve a problem of destruction of material starting from the processes of breaking of the chemical bonds and the source of energy necessary for these breaks.
The breakdown remains largely attributed to an avalanche of ionizing collisions (see O'Dwyer, JJ, The theory of electrical breakdown solids (Clarendon Press, Oxford, England, 1964).) But as this theory is not in agreement with Experimental observations (see Nelson, JK, "Breakdown strength in solids," In Electrical Engineering, Vol II, Electrical Properties of Solid Insulating Materials, Molecular Structure and Electrical Behavior (ed.) Bartnikas / Eichhorn, ASTM STP 783, 445 (1983)) attempts have been made to overcome the difficulties with the "electromechanical breakdown model" (Stark, KH and Garton, CG, "Electric strength of irradiated polythene," Nature 176, 1225 (1955).) Https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / 1761225a0,). However, this theory is based on Griffith's fracture model (Griffith, AA, "The phenomena of rupture and flow in solid," Phil Trans Roy Soc., A 197 (1921)), which is also not valid under high rate stains
The following article (Electron-trapping and energy localization in insulating materials.
AIP Advances 8, 095228 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5047673) exposes a breakdown model, a material characterization method and a reliability analysis. This model relies on microscopic processes in dielectrics and uses only known and verified principles. It applies to breakdown, fracture and initiation of explosions.
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