Dear Scalone, in my opinion, cities are fascinating and inventive because of their culture. Cities without culture are nothing more than concrete and steel structures exposed to social and environmental ruin. As a result, a city devoid of culture has little attractiveness, and people are less likely to spend time in the city, resulting in the city's vitality being overlooked.

I'm glad to be able to explain something to you.

Social issues and cultural issues are not intertwined.

Rather, each must be properly examined and placed in its place. Although the two are related, they are not of the same type.

Urban design issues are also different from the conditions of an existing city.

Dear Scalone Odhiambo,

The following steps are recommended.

STEP 1: SCOPING

a) Define the public transport project

b) Identify relevant government policies and plans

c) Prepare terms of reference

STEP 2: ANALYSIS

a) Determine the profile of key interest group

b) Identify and prioritize key social issues

c) Determine indicators for selected social issues

d) Collect data to predict the impacts

e) Analyze results

STEP 3: MITIGATION

a) Identify possible mitigation measures

b) Determine the feasibility of mitigation measures

c) Propose and prioritize mitigation measures

d) Propose compensation measures

STEP 4: REPORTING

a) Prepare draft report

b) Review and discuss a draft report

c) Prepare final draft report

STEP 5: DECISION-MAKING

a) Send final report to authorized decision-makers

b) Discuss report and make amendments if needed

c) Take the decision and make a public announcement

STEP 6: MONITORING & MANAGING

a) Implement the monitoring and management plan

b) Conduct an independent evaluation

-Social issues are complex and should not be mixed with environmental concerns.

STEP 7: PUBLIC CONSULTATION

a) Identify potential beneficiaries and other affected groups

b) Decide on approach for public consultation including assessment methods

c) Hold the public consultation

d) Incorporate results from public consultation in relevant steps

There must be both. and a good city has cultural hubs, places where people can express themselves freely.

The actions of individuals reflect their social and cultural issues. The designs that result are organic and natural. There is no need to involve the public sector. Think, if you will, about any number of ethnic areas in major cities across the globe. Which of these were created naturally? All of them? Nearly all of them?

Scalone Odhiambo Urban design is not just physical design; Socio-cultural components are an integral part of urban design. This issue is especially important in sustainable urban design. Cities are more vibrant and sustainable that are shaped by the context, socio-cultural needs of their past, present and future.

The following links may be helpful:

http://openarchive.icomos.org/id/eprint/1816/1/245999e.pdf

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/463/2/022009/pdf