The essence of logic is the relation of consequence between premises and conclusion. But that relation can be quite different depending on the type of logic (e.g. deductive, inductive, nonmonotonic, paraconsistent ... etc....) under consideration.

Thank you for your response. All types of logic demonstrate its essence, presenting a distinct value. The only thing that causes problems in this regard, is the absence of logic.

These are obsolete views of logic, but the question cannot be answered in three or four lines.

I don't think the mentioned views are obsolete: Characteristics of logic are not conditioned by time or modern developments. Like the human essence, which is both evolving and static throughout historical development, logic preserves its key components as well.