I want to know about the impact of porosity on the implant surfaces and what kind of variation we will get on its biocompatibility and strength.
As far as I know there is no explanation for this but silicone breast implants with a roughened surface to help adherence to tissues after insertion are associated with an increased incidence of lymphoma.
Hi
As you haven't focused on a certain type of implants, these are some hints, which may help you:
1. The range of porosity controls the proliferation and differentiaion of certain cells:
The nanoporous surfaces were found to induce the attachment, proliferation and differentiation of the seeded osteoblasts towards accelerating bone healing
Le Guéhennec L, Soueidan A, Layrolle P, Amouriq Y. Surface treatments of titanium dental implants for rapid osseointegration. Dent Mater 2007;23:844-854
De Oliveira P, Nanci A. Nanotexturing of titanium-based surfaces upregulates expression of bone sialoprotein and osteopontin by cultured osteogenic cells. Biomaterials 2004;25:403-413.
as well as the host response at both cellular and tissue levels
Coelho P, Granjeiro J, Romanos G, Suzuki M, Silva N, Cardaropoli G, et al. Basic research methods and current trends of dental implant surfaces. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2009;88:579-596.
2. As a common accepted range for inducing the blood vessel formation towards bone growth, the pore size range 150-400 micrometer on the implant surface is recommended
Yokozeki H, Hayashi T, Nakagawa T, Kurosawa H, Shibuya K, Ioku K. Influence of surface microstructure on the reaction of the active ceramics in vivo. J Mater Sci Mater Med 1998; 9: 381-384.
3.Another important issue is the type of the surface material which form the porous structure.
I guess you are referring to orthopaedic implants, but the increase in lymphoma with silicone implants is a salutory reminder of unexpected interactions. Surgical steel implants are associated with a 'low' incidence of problems of about 10% and yet are still fitted in prodigious quantities!! Eventually new manufacturing processes will allow pure titanium implants at a more economic price.
I wonder whether increasing the porosity of the surface of surgical steel causes an increase in side effects due to the nickel.
Here is a general reference for the silicone implants
https://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/productsandmedicalprocedures/implantsandprosthetics/breastimplants/ucm239995.htm
Thank you Sir Chris Blatchley , Amir Mohammed Alsharabasy and Gurpreet Singh
I will go through it.
Instead of porosity, I prefer surface profilometry. Numbers are meaningless if scale is not defined! Micrometer size Vs Nanometer size of both in a fractal structure have radically different short term or long term effect. Of course Material also modulates response, as well as implant function.
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