What is the difference between Potentiometry, Voltammetry, Amperometry, chronoamperometry and Impedance Spectroscopy? Is there any relation between them?
If we talk about relation between all these techniques.... then yes they all belong to electrochemical sensing. They come under same category of sensing called electrochemical sensing.
Electrochemical sensors are majorly divided into 3 types: voltametric, potentiometric and impedometric sensors.
In voltametric sensors, you apply a potential and measure current. Further voltametric sensors are divided depending on the basis of input potential: if constant potential is provided and then current is measured, then its called amperometry; if linearly increasing input potential is provided and then current is measured its called linear sweep voltametry; for triangular wave input voltage, it is called cyclic voltametry; for a square wave potential, its called chronoamperometry.... etc.
In potentiometric sensors, you apply a constant electric current and measure potential.
In impedometric sensors, you apply alternating potential and measure impedance.