Indigenous knowledge is used for years with necessary modifications. Its historical and culturally enriched and persistent. Local knowledge is not necessarily historical.
“The difference between traditional and indigenous knowledge peoples’ communities is that indigenous knowledge peoples’ communities, despite the pressure to integrate within the larger society of the national states of which they are part, still have their own distinct cultures. Local communities, on the other hand, usually do not have a cultural identity that sets them apart from the large society, or at least not to the same extend as in the case of indigenous peoples’ communities.”
Reference
Viergever, M. (1999). Indigenous Knowledge: An Interpretation of Views from Indigenous Peoples. In L. M. Semali & J. L. Kincheloe (Eds.), What is indigenous knowledge? : Voices from the Academy / edited by Ladislaus M. Semali and Joe L. Kincheloe (pp. 333 - 359): Garland Pub.
Local knowledge is everywhere, it is why even in research institutions we need mentors to help us be successful researchers. Local knowledge comes out of our daily practices and is specific to a place and time and is not generalizable over space and time. Every commercial farmer in the U.S. uses local knowledge but not indigenous knowledge. I think that Jack Kloppenberg gives a good definition of local knowledge based on Latour's typology in his 1991 Rural Sociology article "Social theory: Re/de-constructing agricultural science.
Indigenous knowledge is a subset of local knowledge which is also based on practices and is specific to a place but it is the result of the sustained interaction of indigenous people with an environment over generations. The references above are as good a place as any to start.
Traditional or Indigenous knowledge (although some differentiate the two) is the knowledge handed down from generations (for centuries or even thousands of years) possessed by Indigenous Peoples. On the other hand, local knowledge can be a knowledge possessed by any local community of any location/area about their space or more appropriately e.g., local spatial knowledge.
Local knowledge (LK) is partitioned by Blaikie et al (1997) in more of three sub-categories: Indigenous Knowledge, Indigenous Technical Knowledge, Rural´s People Knowledge and others. Barnes (1974) defines LK as opposed to the western-scientific knowledge due to their essentials: the way of transmission, the validity within a done context and mainly by a cultural metabolism based in the adaptation and resilience to the changes in the noosphere. Recently Taboada (2016) questioned the use of a well-known phrase "traditional knowledge is transmitted from generation to generation” because is very falible if we applied this assertion to a complex reality in constant evolution such as that live currently the traditional people in our planet. It´s means that the definitions of LK must be revisited according with each study.
Blaikie et al. 1997. Knowledge in Action: Local Knowledge as a Development
Resource and Barriers to its Incorporation in Natural Resource Research and Development. Agricultural Systems .
Barnes, B. 1974. Scientific Knowledge and Sociological Theory. London/N.Y.: Routledge.
Taboada, G. 2016. Local or Traditional Knowledge Transmission and Natural Resource Use. In: U.P. Albuquerque, R. Alves (eds.), Introduction to Ethnobiology, 234-238. Switzerland: Springer.
Indigenous knowledge has its root in indigenous people. The interactions of several indigenous peoples over time lead to traditional knowledge, generally in a more evolved form. Thus, indigenous knowledge is a subset of traditional knowledge. Local knowledge is place-specific, exists everywhere, and can be a based on indigenous and/or traditional knowledge or modifications thereof as a result of intervention of technology.
Really!!!, I see no difference…. All depend of the scale at which you are… either global, national or local. Anthropologist claim that there is different but who really know who are the first people to settle, so that we can call them native? So, in my point of view local all: indigenous, native, autochtonous…