See https://www.routledge.com/Stopping-Climate-Change-Policies-for-Real-Zero/Ekins/p/book/9781032571416

See https://fpr.vermont.gov/sites/fpr/files/Forest_and_Forestry/Climate_Change/Files/WhatIsForestCarbon_Mar2021.pdf

The terms "carbon storage" and "carbon sequestration" are related concepts, but they refer to different aspects of the carbon cycle and the storage of carbon in various reservoirs.

Carbon Storage:

· Carbon storage refers to the long-term retention of carbon in various natural or artificial reservoirs, where carbon remains stored over extended periods. These reservoirs can include terrestrial ecosystems (such as forests, grasslands, and soils), oceans, geological formations (such as fossil fuels and carbonate rocks), and carbon-based products (such as wood products and building materials).

· Carbon storage encompasses both natural processes, such as the accumulation of organic matter in soils and the growth of vegetation in forests, as well as human activities, such as carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies that store CO2 emissions underground in geological formations.

Carbon Sequestration:

· Carbon sequestration refers specifically to the process of capturing and storing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere or from industrial sources to prevent its release into the atmosphere, thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating climate change.

· Carbon sequestration can occur through natural processes, such as photosynthesis in plants, which absorbs CO2 from the atmosphere and stores carbon in biomass and soils, as well as through human interventions, such as CCS technologies that capture CO2 emissions from industrial sources and inject them underground for long-term storage.

In summary, carbon storage refers to the long-term retention of carbon in various reservoirs, encompassing both natural and human-induced processes, while carbon sequestration specifically refers to the process of capturing and storing carbon dioxide to prevent its release into the atmosphere, thereby mitigating climate change. Carbon sequestration is one mechanism for achieving carbon storage, particularly in the context of efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and enhance carbon removal from the atmosphere.