I am confused...can pro inflammatory act as an anti-inflammatory or inflammatory cytokines.
Literally "pro" means "before" and "anti" means "against". So my thinking is pro-inflammatory is preliminary steps of inflammation and ant-inflammatory might be try to stop inflammation.
However, IL 1-10. TNF-alpha etc are increase when inflammation occur in body. So they might be the indications of inflammation. But why are using three words pro inflammatory, anti-inflammatory and inflammatory cytokines?
Sometime same cytokine act as a pro or anti-inflammatory cytokine. please see the link and title-
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21296109
The pro- and anti-inflammatory properties of the cytokine interleukin-6.
Could any one clear me please...
Very briefly, pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFa, IL-1b and IL-6 contributes by enhancing and stimulating the inflammatory response wheres anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-10, reduce or dampen the inflammatory response. However, this classification is somewhat simplistic and there are numerous examples that a given cytokine may act both as a pro- as well as an anti-inflammatory cytokine depending on the actual cellular/molecular/immunological situation. I assume that there are several review papers available to give you more detailed information.
Very briefly, pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFa, IL-1b and IL-6 contributes by enhancing and stimulating the inflammatory response wheres anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-10, reduce or dampen the inflammatory response. However, this classification is somewhat simplistic and there are numerous examples that a given cytokine may act both as a pro- as well as an anti-inflammatory cytokine depending on the actual cellular/molecular/immunological situation. I assume that there are several review papers available to give you more detailed information.
Pro-inflammatory = promote inflammation
anti-inflammatory = suppress inflammation
Pre = before
Inflammation mechanisms are summarized in a simple sentence:
" pathogen, mutation (internal or external factors) causing cytokine secreting cell to be immuno-tolerable is inflammatory cascade"
" dimensioning the cause of inflammation starts the anti-inflammatory process"
N.B.: cytokines act in antagonist, redundancy, synergistic mode of actions; so the combination of secreted cytokines, source of secretion, site of secretion and concentration determine the behaviour of immunologic process.
As the others have said, pro-inflammatory will induce inflammation, anti-inflammatory will inhibit, generally speaking.
You state that IL-10 is increased when there is inflammation, if this is from your experiments, it may be due to feedback signalling, where the body recognizes the excessive inflammation and is releasing IL-10 in order to suppress it, for example in cases of erythematous sunburn.
IL-6 is an interesting cytokine, as it is fairly essential for many immunological responses. Primarily labeled as a 'pro-inflammatory' cytokine, its inhibition can cause adverse effects due to the necessity of IL-6 to induce immune cell recruitment to the site of injury. There are quite a few papers about this, especially on wound healing.
The immune system isn't an on/off switch, there is a wide spectrum for the differing functions of many, if not all cytokines.
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