What diferenes have, what aplications and wich areas are working?
The ecosystem concept itself developed in US scientific literature during the 1930s and 1940s[1] and modern definitions emphasise that ‘an ecosystem is the functional unit that includes both biotic (living) and abiotic (nonliving) elements’.[2] The Experts Group on Environmental Law (EGEL) of the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) proposed to define the concept as ‘a system of plants, animals and micro-organisms together with the non-living components of the environment’,[3] while Article 2 of the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity provides that ‘[E]cosystem means a dynamic complex of plant, animal, and micro-organism communities and their non-living environment interacting as a functional unit’.[4]
[1] See, for example, A. G. Tansley, ‘The Use and Abuse of Vegetational Concepts and Terms’, 16:3 Ecology (1935), 284, who defined an ecosystem as ‘the whole system, including not only the organism-complex, but also the whole complex of physical factors forming what we call the environment of the biome – the habitat factors in the widest sense’, at 299 (original emphasis); or R. L. Lindeman, ‘The Trophic-Dynamic Aspect of Ecology’, 23:4 Ecology (1942), 399, who defined it as ‘the system composed of physical-chemical-biological processes active within a space-time unit of any magnitude, i.e., the biotic community plus its abiotic community’, at 400 (original emphasis); both quoted in V. P. Nanda, ‘The Law of the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses: Draft Articles on Protection and Preservation of Ecosystems, Harmful Conditions and Emergency Situations, and Protection of Water Installations’ 3 Colorado Journal of International Environmental Law and Policy (1992), 175, at 178.
[2] P. Ehrlich, A. Ehrlich and J Holden, Ecoscience: Population, Resources, Environment (W.H, Freeman, 1977), at 97, quoted in L. A. Teclaff and E. Teclaff, ‘International Control of Cross-Media Pollution – An Ecosystem Approach’ (1987) 27 Natural Resources Journal 21.
[3] Article, 3, reprinted in R. D. Munro and J. Lammers (eds.), Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development – Legal Principles and Recommendations (Graham & Trotman / Martinus Nijhoff, 1987), at 45.
[4] (Rio de Janeiro, 5 June 1992), (1992) 31 ILM 818.
Please, I need the differences between them and their definitions according to the scale of application of these.
For the biome discussion I suggest the article Coutinho, L. 2006. O conceito de bioma. Acta bot. bras. 20(1):13-23. It provides many literature sources. For the ecoregions you can access Olson, D. M., Dinerstein, E., Wikramanayake, E. D., Burgess, N. D., Powell, G. V. N., Underwood, E. C., … Kassem, K. R. (2001). Terrestrial Ecoregions of the World: A New Map of Life on Earth. BioScience, 51(11), 933.
Its very simple. Biome is an extended form of ecosystem or a huge geo area hvng several ecosystems. Thus a vegetation region with animal community that has developed due to similarity in climate. Generally biomes r named according 2 d predominant natural veg like - tropical deciduous, grassland, Taiga etc.
Ecosystem r open system in specific areas hvng a particular type of biotic factors in their abiotic env & how they interact with each other. Ex- A pond ecosystem, a coral reef eco.
Hope i cud clear ur doubt in simple terms.
Ecosystem is an ecological system formed by interaction of co-acting organisms and their environment.
Ecoregion is a large unit of land or water containing a geographically distinct assemblage of species, natural communities, and environmental conditions.
Biome is a major ecological community of organisms maintained under a particular climate zone.
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