Dear Dr. Ranjit Kumar,

a (super-) hydrophobic coating is a thin surface layer that repels water. It is made from superhydrophobic (ultrahydrophobicity) materials. Droplets hitting this kind of coating can fully rebound.

I suggest you to have a look at the following notes/paper:

-The Definition of Hydrophobic With Examples By Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D (2019)

Available at: https://www.thoughtco.com/definition-of-hydrophobic-605228

-What Is a Hydrophobic Compound? By OXITENO (2020)

Available at: https://www.oxiteno.us/what-are-hydrophobic-molecules-examples-surfactants/

-Superhydrophobic Coatings on Cellulose‐Based Materials: Fabrication, Properties, and Applications

Hannu Teisala, Mikko Tuominen, Jurkka Kuusipalo

Adv. Mater. Interfaces, 1, 1300026 (2014)

Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/admi.201300026

Good luck and best regards, Pierluigi Traverso.

But to answer quickly - the "never wet" products are usually a clear binder (like an acrylic) with added particles of fluorocarbon coated silica to generate native hydrophobicity and surface roughness.

Dear Dr. Ranjit Kumar

If you want to make water repellent coatings like "NeverWet" you can follow this protocol:

1. Anatase TiO2 nanoparticles should be dispersed in ethanol and sonicated.

2. Add some PMC ( perfluoroalkyl methacrylate copolymer ) to the dispersion and sonicate.

3, Now you can spray the dispersion using a spray gun.

For further details, you can have a look at this article:

Article Rapid, Self-driven Liquid Mixing on Open-Surface Microfluidi...

You also can look another easiest way to fabricate a superhydrophobic surface using candle sooting technique:

Article Facile Fabrication and Characterization of a PDMS-Derived Ca...

I hope this serves your purpose.

Best,

Thank you so much. This is indeed very helpful.