What is the binding energy (from XPS) of Gd2+ ion?

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Pampa Mandal

Thank you for your valuable suggestion. Is the binding energy corresponding to Gd2+ 8 eV?

Dmitry A. Zatsepin

The best idea is to check in the XPS Handbook or XPS NIST database (Internet).

Regards

Thank you all for your valuable suggestions.

Prabir Pal

Gd does not have 2+ oxidation state. Any complex compound having Gd with high dipole moment in the unit cell doesn't show 2+ state. It is always 3+.

Saulius Kaciulis

You can have a look in my old paper: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/256351183_Rare-earth_sesquisulphides_investigation_by_ELS_and_XPS

Or in the XPS/AES database on line: http://www.lasurface.com

Anyway, I can confirm that Gd is usually in 3+ or metallic state.

Article Rare-Earth Sesquisulphides Investigation by ELS and XPS

Thank you Sir (Balamurali Kannan , Lior Kornblum, Balamurali Kannan, Dmitry A. Zatsepin , Prabir Pal , Saulius Kaciulis) for your valuable suggestions.