You can use from green method for synthesis of gold nanoparticles, I have an article about stability of gold nanoparticles in PBS solution. I hope the article will be useful to you. Terpenoids in plants increase the stability of nanoparticles in the PBS environment.
From my point of view, the easiest way is to know the volume and concentration of the Chloroauric acid before synthesizing of gold nanoparticles. By adding the reducing agent to more than the amount needed to reduction, you can make sure that all of the gold content in Chloroauric acid has become to nanoparticles. By knowing the final volume of the reaction product, you can calculate the gold concentration of any part of the final mixture.