I am currently developing a detailed simulation model of a remote off-grid Hybrid Renewable Energy System consisting of a diesel plant, solar array and a battery unit.
When a diesel genset is operating, it generates the grid-forming action by providing the voltage and frequency references for stable power system operation (genset support mode). However, there can be scenarios when the diesel genset goes out of operation and the load is supplied solely by the PV and Battery unit (isolated mode). In the latter case, at least one inverter-interfaced energy resource has to form the grid, regulating voltage and frequency, what can be very challenging considering the conditions prevailing in these remote power systems (reduced inertia, unbalanced loads).
Both the solar array and the battery unit is interfaced separately to the point of common coupling via a DC/DC converter and a VSC.
I am currently researching on appropriate methods to configure the battery-VSC to achieve the grid-forming control for the isolated mode.
Dear Roshani Kaluthanthrige ,
A battery connected to a Microgrid via VSC can be easily controlled in Grid-Forming operating mode. You need a voltage controller (PID or resonant regulators) and a current controller (PID or resonant controller). Moreover it is very interesting provide this control of some virtual inertia for stability issues of the system. You can read this work that explain you in details what i quickly explain to you.
I wish you success in your research activity.
With VSC based control, the system could run with power factor, closed to unity and would increased the system efficiency with better power factor control without tie lines inter connection, hence would be more economical and reliable with better stability too...
As grid-forming converter, it should be able to provide virtual inertia, ac voltage support, etc. The battery enables more active power, which may help the VSCs interface to achieve the grid-forming function. As for the stand-alone scenario, the grid seems weak grid, that with lower inertia and more sensitive to load disturbance.
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