What is the best technique to desalinate sea water based on cost and environmental consideration?
Dear, Gamal B. Abdelaziz, Condensation followed by evaporation is the best technique to desalinate the seawater. This technique is also known as distillation. This technique consumes a large amount of energy in the form of heating and cooling. To make this technique a cost-effective and economical, solar energy or any waste heat can be used.
For the colder countries, Lyophilization is the economical option for the desalination of seawater.
Dear Asfak Patel, You mean Condensation followed by evaporation or evaporation followed by Condensation ? Please clarify
Dear Gamal B. Abdelaziz when you are heating the seawater for the desalination, water will be converted to the vapor which is evaporation. After evaporation vapor has to be cool down to convert into the liquid, which is condensation.
That means, Evaporation followed by condensation. Kindly correct.
Sorry, it was written by mistake.
Dear Gamal,
Considering available techniques to desalinate sea water, it would be worth to include EGASC's – like systems.
The EGASC, (ref 1) , with reverse osmosis cartridge and storage volume, could operate as a robotic drone or being sailed by the youths' in any water depraved coastal villages.
Around 2009-2011, I was performing some experiments with EGASC, however due to the lack of interest project has been hibernated.
(1) Ref. https://contest.techbriefs.com/2011/entries/sustainable-technologies/1254
Thank you my dear Radoslaw Sobczynski
I asked about What is the best technique from the economical and energy saving point of view
R.O. - Reverse osmosis, but there might be environmental penalty for disposing brine.
publication by N.M.Wade, M.R. Hornsby might be helpful in your decision in terms of cost.
Desalination
Volume 40, Issue 3, March 1982, Pages 245-257
Thanks Radoslaw Sobczynski
I think solar still is the best economic and environmental solution to desalinate water with solar energy (Clean Energy)
My understanding was that your question was:
What is the best technique ...
and not about what is the best energy source.
In terms of all green sources I fully agree.
Wind and waves are all connected to solar irrandiance.
We must remember that Sun is a source of the winds and waves.
Outside solar a tidal forces can be considered as energy sources.
Factors worth to consider are:
Land availability
Brine disposal
Delivery of desalinated water
Work force and job creation
Return of Investment
Instead of building RO plant on the land a wind mill farm on the sea, with high pressure water pumps, can be engineered for the purpose of desalination.
Using oil-tankers as a water storage could solve logistical problems of transportation. Such offshore RO plants are good economical alternative to windmills generating electricity.
I hope this comments are helpful.
Best regards,
Radek
Thank you very much Radoslaw Sobczynski
Your comments are very helpful
Dear Gamal B. Abdelaziz,
there is no unambiguous answer to your question, because cost and environmental considerations are determined by the local conditions and regulation in each case.
Yes Dr Sergey Lvovich Gromov but renewable energy always cheap and clean.
Economically and environmentally it is the best source.
Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an emerging technology for water desalination with several advantages over conventional processes such as reverse osmosis and membrane distillation.
Some information: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013468620314766?dgcid=author
Dear Mohammad Abu Haija
Thanks a lot
CDI is a very good technology but can you tell me its power consumption per ton pure water?
Thanks again
My pleasure. The article below describes the energy consumption calculations :
Article Energy consumption in capacitive deionization – Constant cur...
Mohammad Abu Haija
Thank you very much for this interesting article in Water research
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