Hi! We use a combination cell disruption (bead mill) + chlorophyll extraction with acetone. Then you can photometrically estimate chlorophyll content (after Lichtenthaler and Wellburn, 1983). It is maybe easier to determine the microalgae species first, and then to look for the suitable disruption/extraction conditions in literature.
I think you should follow the protocol of Arnon (1949) using 80% acetone. You take biomass and extract chlorophyll with 80% acetone and take reading 645 nm and 663 nm for both chl-a and b.
How much volume of 80% acetone and mass of algae we should use for extraction in the method mentioned by you, because the measured absorbance will depend on it.
The best for estimation of chlorophyll content (mg/L) in microalgae as follows;
Two milliliter of culture broth is taken in centrifuge tube, ultrasonicated for 10 min in ice bath with two milliliter of 90% methanol over night. Then the homogenate is centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 5 min. The supernatant is separated and absorbance is read at 665nm and the amount of chlorophyll can be calculated using following formula;