The crop yield for organically grown vegetables is typically lower than are those produced conventionally with pesticides and in some cases as GMOs. Food insecurity is affected directly since the available supply is lower. But in addition, the costs may be out of reach for lower income families due to basic economics of supply/demand on top of more costly production in the case of organic foods (regulatory costs, lower yield per acre, higher damage and spoilage from pests). Land use for organic farming also displaces the use of that same land for higher yielding conventional crops.
That being said, I eat organic produce almost exclusively, due to the endocrine disruptive qualities of many pesticides which work by damaging or destroying the reproductive systems of insects. Disruption of endocrine function is associated with higher incidence of chronic illness.
Conventional farming is better apt to solve for the immediate need for food supply and affordability, but at the same time is more likely to contribute to long-term health issues. Development of long-term health issues is not always a consideration in discussions of food insecurity, as malnutrition is acute and palpable, whereas chronic disease starts silently and over a long period of time and is therefore not considered on the same radar. Nevertheless, endocrine disruptors have a health impact - the rapid rise in diabetes over recent decades is multi-factorial, but likely related as some evidence now shows.
Is organic food more nutritious than regular food? Organic foods are not healthier, per se, in terms of nutrients. You are still getting the same benefits in conventionally grown foods as you are in organic foods..
Benbrook thinks there are a couple of reasons why they're seeing this result. First, plants make these compounds to protect themselves when they run into challenges like insects or diseases. And organic crops, because they aren't protected by as many chemical pesticides, have to fight off more hungry bugs.
organic crops have higher antioxidant activity and between 18 and 69% higher concentrations of a range of individual antioxidants; increased intakes of polyphenolics and antioxidants has been linked to a reduced risk of certain chronic diseases such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and certain cancers.
Organic farming is widely considered to be a far more sustainable alternative when it comes to food production. The lack of pesticides and wider variety of plants enhances biodiversity and results in better soil quality and reduced pollution from fertilizer or pesticide run-off.
Although in vitro studies of organic fruits and vegetables consistently demonstrate that organic foods have greater antioxidant activity, are more potent suppressors of the mutagenic action of toxic compounds, and inhibit the proliferation of certain cancer cell lines, in vivo studies of antioxidant activity in humans have failed to demonstrate additional benefit. Clear health benefits from consuming organic dairy products have been demonstrated in regard to allergic dermatitis.
Some studies revealed that organically grown fruits and vegetables (especially leafy vegetables) had a higher amount of vitamins than conventionally grown products, mainly, Vitamins C and E, whereas some studies have revealed no difference. Therefore, definitive proofs as to whether organically grown vegetables do provide for nutritional security in a holistic way are still scanty.
Organic foods contain higher levels of certain nutrients, lower levels of pesticides, and may provide more health benefits for the consumer. Organically grown vegetables/foods contribute to nutrition security https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20359265/
Any benefit from organic foods is minor and always oversold propaganda. However yield of organic food production is certainly lower than that of conventional farming.
Interesting question? Organic agriculture also helps to increase resistance to pests and diseases, which is crucial to building food security. Recent analysis suggests that organic farming offers a way to reduce the use of synthetic pesticides for the management of animal pests and pathogens without increasing their levels of infestation. Apart from a minor population of privileged consumers willing to pay a slightly higher price for products labeled as 'organic', the long-term benefits of organic farming are relatively limited when it comes to sustaining the enormous agricultural needs of a country. Under the right circumstances, the market returns from organic agriculture can potentially contribute to local food security by increasing family incomes. It improves the soil's chemical properties such as supply and retention of soil nutrients, reduces nutrient loss into water bodies and environment and promotes favorable chemical reactions.