What is one way to transfer carbon in to the atmosphere from the biosphere and energy transferred from one organism to another select all that apply?
Murtadha Shukur
The following are ways to transfer carbon from the biosphere to the atmosphere:
Select all that apply:
- Respiration: During cellular respiration, all organisms, including plants, animals, and microorganisms, release carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere as a waste product. This is the primary biological pathway for transferring carbon from the biosphere to the atmosphere.
- Decomposition: When organisms die, their organic matter decomposes, releasing CO2 back into the atmosphere. This process is facilitated by decomposers such as bacteria and fungi.
- Burning of biomass: Burning of plant matter (e.g., forests, agricultural waste) releases significant amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere. This is a major contributor to human-caused climate change.
- Volcanic activity: Although not directly related to the biosphere, volcanic eruptions can release CO2 stored deep within the Earth's crust, contributing to a smaller portion of atmospheric carbon.
As for energy transfer between organisms:
Select all that apply:
- Cellular respiration: While releasing CO2, cellular respiration also releases energy in the form of ATP, which fuels various cellular processes and activities. This energy is derived from the breakdown of organic molecules like carbohydrates and lipids.
- Photosynthesis: Plants capture energy from sunlight and use it to convert CO2 and water into organic molecules like carbohydrates. This process stores energy within the biosphere, making it available to other organisms through the food chain.
- Chemosynthesis: Similar to photosynthesis, chemosynthesis uses chemical energy instead of sunlight to synthesize organic molecules and store energy within the biosphere. This process occurs in certain microorganisms living in extreme environments like deep-sea vents.
Remember, it's important to distinguish between carbon transfer and energy transfer. Carbon moves through the biosphere and can be released back into the atmosphere, while energy flows through the food chain in one direction (from producers to consumers and decomposers).
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