Dear Shaun,

Please contact Eliana Alves she's working with olive oils in quality control and traceability studies as well as on the valorisation of olive oil sub-products.

I'm not sure how easy it is to scale-up the convertion of triglycerides to FAME for biofuel purposes.

Hope this helps.

Best regards,

Ana Reis

Please look at the following below links which may help you in your analysis:

https://www.intechopen.com/books/technological-innovation-in-the-olive-oil-production-chain/emerging-extraction-technologies-in-olive-oil-production

https://www.hielscher.com/ultrasonic-extraction-of-virgin-olive-oil.htm

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6068626/pdf/foods-07-00109.pdf

Thanks

Hi;

I worked on Nigella sativa oil, and I isolated the neutral lipids by soxhlet and then by chromatography on silica column. In the most nonpolar fractions, I determined the triglycerides using HPLC-ELSD detector. I haven't published this last part yet. for the extraction steps, please read these articles. I will be at your disposal if you have any questions.

Widad Sobhi

1- Sobhi et al., 2016. PEffect of lipid extracts of Nigella sativa L. seeds on the liver ATP reduction and alpha-glucosidase inhibition.

2. Sobhi et al., 2011. Hepatotoxicity and Langerhans Islets Regenerative Effects of Polar and Neutral Lipids of Nigella sativa L. in Nicotinamide/streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Dear Widad Sobhi,

A lot of thanks to your nice discussion

Stages of olive oil production

1 Picking: farmers start harvesting olives in early autumn

2 Washing: When the olive fruits reach the press, they are emptied into large jars to be washed.

The mashing of the olives is transferred to mash in special jars, by means of sharp metal blades, to form a smooth paste that is transported through metal tubes to the next stage.

3 Pressing: The olive dough is transferred to special automatic metal presses to press it and extract the oil from it, and at this stage the dough is pressed several times to extract the largest amount of virgin oil. Then the oil is transported in tubes to special jars in preparation for the next stages.

4 Filtering: The oil is transferred at this stage to large jars containing huge filters to purify it from sediments with what is known as turbid oil (tarotb), where hot water is added to it so that the pure oil is completely separated from the sediments in it, then it is transferred to clean jars to be transferred to The next stage.

5 Filling: At this stage, the oil is filled into clean metal or plastic containers, and the oil at this stage has a pure color and a pungent taste.