The study of these techniques come under Analytical Chemistry. I think you should start with chromatography and then jump to mass spec. Let me tell you that these techniques are very interesting and useful in all the domains but learning them is a bit complicated... but I am sure you will learn it with time. I am also in the learning process. There is no one book in which everything is given.... I refered to Vogel and Scoog and west for chromatography. It is always good and easy to simultaneously get a hands on practice on the instrument to get the theoretical concepts clear.
Let us first briefly introduce what is "Spectroscopy" before to talk about "book" in "Spectroscopy". You can pay attention to a classification which could help you to orient among various set and sub-set spectroscopic methods. The sub-set techniques to each of them are not given (Attachment, pages 1 and 3). All they are basic instrumental methods, so you should specify which spectroscopic method/s and/or combination of methods you would like to "learn", in term "basic recognition".
Towards "MALDI", the acronym means Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization, but what?! - Mass spectrometry (MS). So, MALDI represents an independent method of ionization of the matter. The MS as analytical instrumentation, however, (page 2) includes set methods of ionization and ion separation (excluding techniques). All these methods have different phenomenology. In this context "basic science" for "learning" (recognition) in MS includes a recognition by all those methods, because set ion separation methods can be combined with MALDI ion source method or any other one.
You can pay attention to ref. 1 for example, which gives basic definitions and schemes of different MS methods. This reference provides “basic knowledge” about MS methods and few broadly utilized techniques, so it is excellent to recognize "what" as methods and/or techniques in MS has been/was discovered/developed .
Towards "Chromatography", it would be useful if you for you can pay attention to ref. 2, for example. It provides broad spectrum of basic definitions in the analytical chemistry and, respectively, the analytical instrumentation.
Ref. 1. J. Gross, Mass spectrometry, A textbook, 2nd Ed., Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, 2011, pp. 1–753.
Ref. 2. A. Townshend (Ed.) Encyclopedia of analytical chemistry, Academic press, 1995, San Diego, CA, Vols. 1-10, pp. 1-6069.