I agree with Rana Hamza Shakil that an open system can exchange both energy and matter with its surroundings. The stovetop example would be an open system, because heat and water vapor can be lost to the air. A closed system, on the other hand, can exchange only energy with its surroundings, not matter. A system which can exchange matter as well as energy with the surroundings is called an Open system. As, hot coffee in an open flask is an example of open system because it can gain or loss matter as well as energy. In thermodynamics, a system is typically the reactants and products of a reaction. The surroundings are everything else that can be affected by the system. A closed system can exchange energy with its surroundings through heat and work transfer. In other words, work and heat are the forms that energy can be transferred across the system boundary. I all cases, the amount of heat lost by a system is equal to the amount of heat gained by its surroundings and vice versa. That is, the total energy of a system plus its surroundings is constant, which must be true if energy is conserved. In an endothermic reaction, energy flows into the system. Thus, heat is positive (q > 0) from the point of view of the system. Heat is transferred from the surroundings into the system. In contrast, in an exothermic reaction, energy flows out of the system. The first law of thermodynamics is a formulation of the law of conservation of energy, adapted for thermodynamic processes. A simple formulation is: "The total energy in a system remains constant, although it may be converted from one form to another." The internal energy can be altered by modifying the object's temperature or volume without altering the number of particles inside the body. As a system's temperature increases, the molecules will move faster, thus have more kinetic energy and thus the internal energy will increase.