I am looking for an easy-to-use free LaTeX editor that is friendly to mathematicians who include many mathematical equations in their research articles. Do you have any recommendations?
You can use Texstudio because of its colour coding and other features makes it an ideal editor to use. Texmaker and Texstudio are very similar infact, Texstudio was originally called as TexmakerX.
You can use TeXstudio. It is the best and most comprehensive LaTeX editor I have used so far. It is free, user friendly and works on all platforms. you can download it from the link:
If you are not familiar with LaTeX maybe you can start by using Lyx (http://www.lyx.org), it has a graphical interface and it does not require previous knowledge of LaTeX. You can later move to the above recommendations which are good if you are already familiar with LaTeX.
Also, you can train yourself in equation typesetting online in websites like http://www.hostmath.com
Finally, if you are considering LaTeX just because it can typeset mathematical formulas, take a look at the Markdown language: it's easy, you can export your manuscript to other formats (via Pandoc), and you can still write equations in LaTeX.
For maths purpose, TeXmacs http://www.texmacs.org is an interesting solution. You can use it as a WYSIWYG interface for LaTeX but it can generate various external output format (MathML for instance) and include Computer Algebra System session or some numerical system also. It offers also a lot of stylesheet for the current editors (elsvier, springer, ...).
I work with TeXstudio. But, I think that both are very simily because TeXstudio has been forked from it. If you want a detailed comparison: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_TeX_editors.
One different is to TeXstudio permit document comparison and other the appearance of the interface.
There are a lot of interesting propositions and recommendations of Latex editors in the answers for your question. But I think you do not know about Latex plug-in for MS Word. If you used to write your earlier articles in this editor you can install for example Word2Tex application:
http://www.chikrii.com/products/word2tex/dl/
and automatically translate your text (with mathematical equations) to Latex code. This application is easy-to-use and you can easily install it. You can test it free for 30 days. It is important to know that you can find other free applications for translating from one editor to Latex which you can install inside your favourite text editor.
After several tests, I recommend as well as others have done, Texmaker. Easy to use, different colors for commands -which makes it easier to go through the text- and most important for me, multi-platform (It works on linux, windows and mac so i do not have to worry when i switch OS)
I've seen LyX recommended. To be honest for me LyX is good but it is the halfway between Ms Word, or LO write, and Tex so you don't really learn how to write a document in latex. Moreover if you want to share your work with someone working in latex, he/she cannot read directly the LyX document. You will have to export your LyX document to a Tex format (and sometimes it doesn't work so well)
TeXmaker, TeXstudio and TeXnic Center (Windows only!) are very nice editors for beginners. Most functionality is accessible via buttons or menus. If you want something closer to Microsoft Word, try LyX. Emacs + auctex is not really beginner friendly but extremely powerful. Finally there's Kile. Which works nicely on KDE-based linux systems.
TeXmaker, because it is cross-platform and you can write your text in different system without any problem and with a good library of symbols and use the web. LyX is not in the LATEX way because is WYWY so you lost memory working with that. Kile is good but it have several things that you could be confused.
In addition to a LaTeX editor, you will need a good instruction books. The following would be a perfect choice:
"The LaTeX Companions Third Revised Boxed Set: A Complete Guide and Reference for Preparing, Illustrating and Publishing Technical Documents" (2nd Edition) Paperback, 2007 by Frank Mittelbach, Michel Goossens, Johannes Braams, and David Carlisle.
If you want a slim book, you can choose from a list by searching with key words, for example, "latex instruction" at Amazon.
You can use Texstudio because of its colour coding and other features makes it an ideal editor to use. Texmaker and Texstudio are very similar infact, Texstudio was originally called as TexmakerX.
@Sarah, Definitely Texmaker: cross plateforme (you can install it in Linux, Mac OS and Windows), easy use of xelatex, asymptote, tikz ... easy to handle for a beginner. in addtion, a good wiki page:
MathType is an equation editor by DesignScience the provides a GUI for bulding math equations. You can then copy and past the equation into your favorite TeX editor. Math Type will past LaTeX code.
DEar Sarah : I think I have the solution you need. Plese go to my web site : http://fizmako.com/dom/maxima.php
I am working on some technical details. You may write your formulas in the Maxima code or matlab code and then you may evaluate your equations via WolframAlpha with a simple click.
A bit late to the party, but that's my personal overview from my PhD thesis.
LyX has the best graphical interface, with easily the best equation editor across all software: Editing in a graphical rendering of the equation including user-defined macros, while being free to choose between typing LaTeX commands and using the mouse at all times, with the GUI being educational about the available commands and hotkeys.
Beyond equations: It also has good support for document-wide outlining and outline-editing, as well as listing and navigating floats, TODO items, ... Most of this is extensible by a module system.
Sadly, the need to import/export to an intermediate format and the inability to prevent LyX from generating the preamble from settings of the intermediate document adds complexity in scenarios such as having to stick to a strict journal template or working with coauthors, who don't use LyX.
TeXStudio has hands-down the best implementation of command completion, which is also quite useful, and there is rather flexible support for previewing equations and the like. I found it also very useful, that TeXStudio will complete macros defined with \newcommand; Plus, when more complex completions are needed, or when one finds completions to be missing, it is easy to create a custom ".cwl" file to declare additional completions.
The built-in document viewer provides the best out-of-the-box synctex experience I have found so far, which helps with viewing equations in their context.
Beyond equations: The log-file parsing is invaluable for end-production, as it vastly helps with fixing warnings, and also with avoiding issues from cropping up in the first place.
The only downside I found was the lack of support for project-wide TOC-navigation, if the project consists of multiple files.
AucTeX, a TeX-authoring mode for Emacs, might also be an interesting choice, as it supports inline previews in a way that makes the source code more readable by typesetting a lot of elements inline in place of their source code.
As far as I can tell however, its support for completion of user-macros and support for adding missing completions as well as the user-interaction with these completions is inferior to TeXStudio.
BaKoMaTeX aims to be a WYSIWYG-editor for LaTeX, by providing a unique live-view and editing of the typeset document, which would seem like an obvious choice for equation editing. But somehow I found it inconvenient to use in practice due to a focus on mouse-input in the rendered view, and a somewhat weaker source-code editor.