Currently only looking at measures of team mental workload. (no physiological or primary/secondary task measures)
The focus will be on the distributed team - the master, pilot, tugmasters and port control. .
Looking for measure that would be fairly easy to use in simulator and real world studies of workload involved in ship navigation.
The aim is to be able to measure changes to workload if, for example, a procedure is changed, new device is introduced, crewing levels change.
Have you read Cognition in the Wild by Ed Hutchins? Great book if you're studying the human factors of ship navigation.
Have you read Cognition in the Wild by Ed Hutchins? Great book if you're studying the human factors of ship navigation.
Hi,
The simplest method would be subjective measures, that is questionnaires which are assessing the workload per team member and which are pooled in the end to get an average team workload. There are simple questionnaires - e.g. forms of visual analogue scales, like the Rating Scale Mental Effort (RSME) - that enable subjective judgement of workload during the task. More complex measurement devices/questionnaires, like the NASA TLX, are probably not suitable due to the distraction they introduce. You don't want to highten workload by measurement during critical operations. However, maybe they could be used on a retrospective basis?
Objective measures, e.g. physiological indicators are definitely interesting as well since they allow the assessment of workload without intruding into the task at hand, but they are still in the research stage. The (fatigue assessment) device mentioned by Allen uses EEG, which is known to be an indicator in controlled experiments, but which is also susceptible to noise and artifacts in real world environments. I could not find a proper published validation study on their site.. Several other physiological measures (heart rate, its variability, respiration, electrodermal activity) respond to workload manipulation, but have similar problems as EEG. So there would always be the risk of noise, artifacts, and confounding variables. I like the suggestion of Heiko, though as for all other physiological measures there are problems and you don't want such. Heiko, do you have any hints on literature regarding the suggested situation awareness and workload link?
I would suggest using subjective tools. NASA/TLX seems applicable in after completion of simulation tasks.
I have good results with using the very simple but valid ISA metric by tab Lamoureux.
For references, see:
- https://bu.digication.com/twarman/RH_102-_research_paper
- http://www.ashgate.com/isbn/9780754613374
- http://edm.sagepub.com/content/1/4/434.refs?patientinform-links=yes&legid=spedm;1/4/434
- www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.../001401399184839
this last one is in fact:
Lamoureux, Tab. “The influence of aircraft proximity data on the subjective mental workload of controllers in the air traffic control task”. Ergonomics 42, no. 11 (1999), doi: 10.1080/001401399184839.
I asked Tab (in 1999!) approval to use this simple metric, he consulted his boss and was able to allow me to do so.
Dr: Gerrit
Hopefully you have a great and lovely life. Dr, i want help if you can, i am looking to articles, theses relate to stress in air traffic controller but it is quite difficult to find it as well as i could not accesses to some website.
I wish you can help me as you wish my email is [email protected]
Thank you indeed
All the best
Salah
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