I know that it can provide in-depth information, skeletal joints position, infrared view, but are there any other possibilities to use kinect? For example: temperature monitoring, distance measuring. How are they achievable?
The depth sensor consists of an infrared laser projector combined with a monochrome CMOS sensor, which captures video data in 3D under any ambient light conditions.The sensing range of the depth sensor is adjustable, and Kinect software is capable of automatically calibrating the sensor based on game play and the player's physical environment, accommodating for the presence of furniture or other obstacles. so the sensors are operating with out any gaming devices it receives the commands from spoken commands and vocal etc., for temperature monitoring and distance measuring.
There is a SDK http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/kinectforwindowsdev/start.aspx for Kinect by which you can customize the functionality of the Kinect or extend the functionality
An Argentinean Startup use the Kinect for doing analytics http://techcrunch.com/2011/12/05/shopper-tracker-kinect/. They does not use the SDK because is limited for using it like this.
You measure depth (between 0.5-7m) kinect can be used (better in indoors). If you want to measure temperatura you require sensors with more sensibility (not only infrared). Thermal cameras (FLIR). They should work on other wave infrared (there are LWIR, MWIR, SWIR, etc. depending on the application.