Detonation is a complex physicochemical process involving shock-induced chemical reactions occurring on extremely short timescales and in harsh environments. Due to the rapid nature of detonation and the extreme conditions involved (high pressure, temperature, and velocity), directly probing the chemical reactions during detonation remains a major experimental challenge. Direct detection methods offer valuable information about reaction pathways, intermediate species, and energy release dynamics, which are otherwise difficult to obtain through theoretical simulations or post-detonation residue analysis. What experimental techniques are available for directly probing chemical reactions during detonation withou any speculation or calculation? Could you please provide detailed experimental parameters or relevant references?