I have always felt completely free to explore what I was interested in - often with the aim of questioning or differentiating the assertions from textbooks, for example about appropriate forms of education. I have also always had enough donors.
I suspect that today the research situation is much more bureaucratic in pedagogy, also due to data protection regulations.
Academic research is where the focus of institutions is to combine research and teaching (and learning) via the teaching/research nexus. It is is what makes universities unique. Tertiary institutions can 'teach only' and industry can do 'research only'. That said, some universities are breaking the teaching/research nexus through introducing teaching-only and research-only positions. That begs the question then - 'are they really a university?'
Academic research is increasingly impacted by globalization and the internationalization of research. If you are interested in the opportunities and dilemmas of international research collaboration and shared authorship in the field of eduction research, you could take a look at the following recent paper:
Conference Paper Strategies for globalizing research in the educational sciences