Dear Resky,

Hi.

Early stakeholder theorists such as Dill (1975) and Freeman & Reed (1983) examined the ability of stakeholders to influence the firm in terms of the nature of their stakes and the source of their power.

Later, Mitchell, Agle & Wood (1997) identified urgency, power and legitimacy as factors that determine how much attention management will give to various stakeholders.  For these authors, urgency is based on the following two attributes: (1) time sensitivity-the degree to which managerial delay in attending to the claim or relationship is unacceptable to the stakeholder, and (2) criticality-the importance of the claim or the relationship to the stakeholder. They defined urgency as the degree to which stakeholder claims call for immediate attention.

Freeman defines a stakeholder as “any group or individual who can affect or is affected by the achievement of the organization‘s objectives” (1984:46). The notion of legitimacy, following Ackoff (1979) is further clarified by the definition that a stakeholder represents a “group that the firm needs in order to exist, specifically customers, suppliers, employees, financiers, and communities” (Dunham, Freeman, & Liedtka, 2006: 25).  Legitimacy accordingly to Mitchell, Agle & Wood (1997 is “A  generalized perception or assumption that the actions of an entity are desirable, proper, or appropriate within some socially constructed system of norms, values, beliefs, definitions.

I the Mitchell, Agle & Wood (1997) article.

Hope this helps. Which you a great work.

Best

Luis

Hi Resky

This link does a pretty good job of setting out clear definitions of the terms as they currently apply in salience modelling.  https://requirementstechniques.wordpress.com/stakeholder-analysis/power-legitimacy-and-urgency-model/

I use the phrase 'currently apply' because there appears to be an increasing trend to change the name and or definition of a term which is often of little help in moving forward the better understanding of a concept or problem. With my colleague we just reviewed the research for the book on dementia that I am about to write and note that there are at least four definitions for Person Centred which is rather unhelpful.

Regards

James Musgrave 

We all know that stakeholders are individuals or groups with multiple interests and expectations from the organization. Out of these, primary stakeholders like shareholders, employees, customers, suppliers, communities are essential and critical to the existence of the organization and are legal stakeholders as their relationship with the organization are guided by some laws of land. Other secondary stakeholders like environment, competitors, NGOs, Government, Media, social and religious groups etc. also require urgent attention and cannot be ignored. Organizational management is required to discharge the Economic, Legal, Social and Ethical responsibilities, in order to fulfill all the stakeholders' expectations

I agree that the conceptualisation by Mitchell et al. (1997) provides a useful framework to start thinking about stakeholder salience.

can anyone share links of stakeholder salience with regard to water pollution from industrial effluents?

It seems to me that the assessment of stakeholder salience using the framework by Mitchell at al (1997) applies mostly in business management research. Please can someone explain how this framework can be applied to the analysis of stakeholders in a waste management system?