Hi Arefin,

There are some reason of fall. First the psychological reason (The fear of falling). Second, physiological reason such as lack of balance and functional mobility. Lastly the Household environmental hazards may pose the greatest risk for older people .

Additional causes of falls may include medications and physical weakness due to lack of strength and cardio training.

To many causes… Talking about the environmental design could it be the lack of light in the night, irregularities in the floor, carpets that trap the feet, slippery floors.

The causes of frequent falls of patients are many and different. In addition to those related to different pathologies there are also those on which we can intervene. Slippery floors, long dresses, shoes with laces or without rubber, unlit rooms and many more.

While working as a home health nurse, I saw all of the above reasons play a part in a patient falling. Additionally, dementia plays a considerable role in falls. The patient with dementia is unable to determine what is safe. Mentally they are unable to understand their abilities and try to move, jump, walk, and reach, without realizing they are unsafe. Another factor that comes into play is pets. Too often a fall is the direct result of a pet inadvertently causing the patient to stumble and fall

Various diseases may affect a human's vestibular system:

https://www.bing.com/search?q=vestibular+system&qs=n&form=QBRE&sp=-1&pq=vestibular+system&sc=1-17&sk=&cvid=DAAC60B0A74C4BD7BCE8831B3A2D2492

Another common case is healthy peoples' clumsiness cased by the lack of physical exercises requiring a body balancing and muscles' flexibility.

اسباب السقوط المتكرر الامراض النفسية التي يعاني منها الفرد وكذلك قلة الخبرة في ادارة امور الحياة .

Dear Paroma Arefin

The cause of frequent falls may be the disturbance in the eye vision or the disturbance in the central nervous system

Other than environmental factors: 1) Aging 2) Vestibular disturbance 3) Dementia 4) Subclinical cerebral stroke +/- Carotid artery stenosis (atherosclerosis) 5) Severe sleep disturbance 6) Impaired vision even with spectacles 7) Undiagnosed earlier stage of vital organ failure 8) Pathological bone features 9) Uncontrolled chronic systemic diseases 10) Certain foods/drinks/medications.

Lack of concentration, confidence and lots of fear

Body weakness

When people move around they may expose to a range of hazards simply by being pedestrians. These hazards can be categorized by the type of accident that they cause. Details of these categories, along with some typical conditions and environments in which each hazard might arise. For instance: Slips, Trips, and Falls on the Same Level. Typical slip hazards:

• Smooth floor surfaces that are: Inherently slippery (e.g. polished marble); Wet because of spills or cleaning operations; Contamination of a floor with a slippery contaminant (e.g. fat or leaves); Frost and ice (e.g. outside pavements in winter or the floor in a freezer).

Note that a person’s footwear can make a big difference to how vulnerable they are to slipping on a floor.

Typical trip hazards:

• Uneven or loose floor surfaces (e.g. broken paving slab; poorly-laid floor mat); Trailing cables (e.g. the flex of a vacuum cleaner); Objects on the floor (e.g. a bag left on the floor); Note that people frequently ‘trip over their own feet’. When people slip or trip, they often (although not always) fall to the floor. Though falls on the same level do not always lead to serious injury, they may well lead to broken bones (especially in the hand, wrist or arm). Steps and stairs are places of particular concern because they are locations where slip, trip, and fall accidents can occur more frequently and the consequences of such accidents can be more serious.

اسباب السقوط المتكرر قد تكون اسباب نفسية او امراض في الجهاز العصبي او امراض في القلب او قلة النوم او تناول ادوية ونتيجة الكثرة منها تؤدي الى السقوط

Very crucial qustion. My father frequently falled atleast 100 times suddenly !

He wes a pateint of Chronic & Subaccute Lumber Spondallities . CT report did not

show much more abnormality & Dr. Said it was a case of HYPONATRAMIA .

Today you remind my father' s memory thru this question !

But at the last time CT report shows there are so many cerebro vascular injuries

ie CEREBRAL ATTACK , New & Old . It is a case study that sudden fall should not be neglectted .

Thanks .

Possible due to stress or malnutrition

The imbalance may be caused by a dysfunction of the middle ear

1. cardiovascular problem : congenital anomalies ToF, HOCM, aortic stenosis,... 2.neurological:epilepsy,.... 3. Middle ear disease 4.orthostatic hypotension, 5. endocrine :insulinoma and frequent hypoglycemia 6.psycological problem

I think main cause is stress

Although I am not a specialist in this field, the frequent fall of a person may be due to inflammation in the middle ear, or poor nutrition.

Due to stress and environmental surround.

Poor balance (first of all) together with other causes.

There are different reasons for frequent falls, such as: muscle weakness, visual impairments, & environmental restrictions (i.e., clutters, poor lighting, narrow spaces, etc.).

Many causes can lead to frequent Falling :

1- Ataxia :

Ataxia is a degenerative disease of the nervous system. Many symptoms of Ataxia mimic those of being drunk, such as slurred speech, stumbling, falling, and incoordination.

Reference : https://ataxia.org/what-is-ataxia/

2- Neuropathy :

especially motor neuropathy that can lead to lack of coordination and falling .

Reference : https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/peripheral-neuropathy/symptoms-causes/syc-20352061

3- Vertigo :

Vertigo causes a patient to feel like there is movement where there is none. It may cause feelings of tilting, spinning or falling ...

Reference : https://vestibular.org/news/06-21-2013/neurologist-how-know-when-dizziness-serious

4- Syncope :

Syncope is defined as a transient, self-limited loss of consciousness [1] with an inability to maintain postural tone that is followed by spontaneous recovery.

Reference : https:/emedicine.medscape.com/article/811669-overview

@ Paroma

This can be caused by dehydration, ageing circulation, medical conditions such as Parkinson's disease and heart conditions and some medications used to treat high blood pressure. inner ear problems — such as labyrinthitis or benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) problems with your heart rate or rhythm.

https://www.nhsinform.scot

يأتي من عدم الثقة بالنفس والشعور المفرط بعدم تحمل المسؤولية والواجبات والاعتراف بالتعثر والفشل

We can say they r so much focused on something or have Disturbed Mind

Dear Paroma Arefin ,

As many contributors have said, there are several reasons for falls. Unless these falls are caused by a desire to see the distant road rather than the ground under one's feet, like Anastas Ivanov Ivanov frequent falls need to be checked out.

1. if medication is the cause, it needs to be adjusted.

2. if medicine causes dizziness, Still check it out, but there are things to do to decrease risk of dizziness

a-change positions slowly, Go from lying to sitting to standing by waiting for a minute or so between changes to give your body a chance to get blood to brain.

b. space out heart and blood pressure medicine to reduce dizziness and improve effectiveness of medicines---Talk to the doctor if you are having problems, take blood pressure and heart rate before taking pills, ask doctor when you shouldn't take pill, when you should see doctor.

c. be sure the doctor knows all the pills, home remedies and over the counter meds you are on. Grapefruit affects more than just cholesterol medicines

d. any medicine that affects blood pressure can cause dizziness---Do not run for the phone, jump out of bed, take a hot shower (warm is okay), take a blood pressure pill and shower or any other activity that can cause dizziness without sitting-read, check emails eat breakfast etc for a minimum of 30 minutes

3. bad lighting, poor furniture placement, rugs, loose carpet, children's toys, dog toys, adult toy can cause falls

4. poor footwear choices- a Brazilian nursing home study found that supportive and.or corrective footwear decreased falls

5, use of assist devices for those with balance problems related to illness-cancer, stroke, inner ear, traumatic brain injuries, dementia, chronic pain, arthritis, degenerative changes associated with aging,' etc.

6. Yoga, Pilates dance have been shown to strengthen the core muscles and reduce falls by improving balance

7. Keep equipment used for work or play in good repair

There is one hideous cause that no one mentioned-the person did not fall but was beaten by a family member or someone known to her/him And is too embarrassed or afraid to tell/ask for help

There are obviously more reasons for falls and ways to reduce them. Best wishes that we stay safe.

brigid

I will tell you about my own experience of falls. In Middle Urals, as many know, winter lasts 6 months. The air temperature in Ekaterinburg on average goes down through 0° C on November 4 (This day is called "Tinsmith Day," because not all motorists manage to change tires in time...), and vice versa - on April 4 air temperature start to be positive, although snow is possible in the "summer" period and vice versa, thaws sometime in winter. Although our sidewalks are fairly well cleaned and sprinkled with sand or even a reagent (which many people don’t like, as dogs walking badly in this conditions - it doesn’t have shoes (imagine a liquid at -25 ° C on its feet - this is terrible)), it’s still sometimes small icy surfaces appears that are very easy to fall. Moreover, snow, both loose and trampled, is not a problem, but piece of ice, or even peeled, but cold asphalt - this is the most dangerous coating. Therefore, the Urals subconsciously are training a special step (I call it the “winter move”) - the secret is that the foot does not slip during the contact phase of step, but is placed vertically down and rises same way. It appears automatically in local people as soon as the temperature drops below zero. We can move quite fast, the main thing is not to lose traction in the repulsion stage. I lived in Florida for some time and completely lost my "winter step". Therefore, I always fell when I came home on Christmas and New Year's holidays. The first days I did it continuously. It was probably ridiculous from the sideview. But then, when I returned Florida, I kept this step for a few days. A colleague of mine asked me: "Why has your gait changed, what is wrong with you?" This was a "winter step". Soft rubber soles (similar to slip tires in Formula 1) are half the success of walking in winter town.

A fall is defined as an event in which an individual comes to be on the floor or another surface located at a lower level; the fall can sometimes be interrupted by an object on which a part of the body collides. In general, events caused by acute pathologies (eg, stroke and convulsions) or by obstacles in the environment (eg, a collision with a moving object) are not considered to be falls. Every year, about 30-40% of the elderly who live in their homes go into a fall; in assisted residences instead 50% of patients fall. In the United States, falls are the leading cause of accidental death and the 7th leading cause of death in people aged ≥ 65; 75% of deaths caused by falls occur in 13% of the population ≥ 65 years old. Medicare medical expenses for fall injuries alone were $ 31 billion in 2018 and will certainly be on the rise. Falls can compromise the independence of the elderly and cause a series of individual and socio-economic consequences. However, doctors often underestimate falls, unless the patients report an injury, as the medical history and physical examination usually do not include a specific assessment. Many elderly patients are reluctant to report the fall because they consider falling as a part of the aging process, or because they fear being limited in their activities or hospitalized.

Aetiology

The best predictor of fall is a previous fall. However, in older people it is rarely possible to identify a single cause or risk factor. A fall is usually caused by a complex interaction between:

1) Intrinsic factors (age-related functional decline, pathologies, pharmacological adverse reactions);

2) Extrinsic factors (environmental hazards);

3) Situational factors (related to the activity in progress, eg, running in the bathroom).

Intrinsic factors

Age-related changes can compromise the systems involved in maintaining balance and stability (eg, during standing, walking or sitting) and increase the risk of falling. The decline in visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, depth perception and adaptation in the dark. Changes in muscle activation patterns and in the ability to generate speed and sufficient muscle power can compromise the maintenance or recovery of balance in response to disturbances (eg, when climbing on an uneven surface or suffering a shock) . In reality, muscle weakness of any kind is a significant predictor of falls. Chronic and acute pathologies (main disorders that contribute to the risk of falls) and the use of drugs (main drugs that contribute to the risk of falls) are the major risk factors for falls. The risk of falls increases with the number of drugs taken. Psychotropic drugs are those most commonly associated with the risk of falling and falling injuries.

Extrinsic factors

Environmental factors can increase the risk of falling independently or, generally, interacting with intrinsic factors. The risk is higher when the environment requires greater control of posture and mobility (eg, when walking on a slippery surface) and when the environment is not familiar (eg, when there has been transferred to a new home).

Situational factors

Some activities or decisions can increase the risk of falling and secondary injuries to fall. Example are walking while talking or being distracted by multiple activities and therefore not paying attention to environmental hazards (eg, a sidewalk or step), running to the bathroom (especially at night when you are not awake or the lighting is insufficient), and hurry to answer the phone.

Frequent falls of the individual usually indicate a defect and this needs to be examined in order to confirm this As for the reasons there are multiple causes depending on the case are determined

Greetings

This can be caused by dehydration, aging circulation, medical conditions such as Parkinson's disease and heart conditions and some medications used to treat high blood pressure. inner ear problems such as labyrinthitis or benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) problems with your heart rate or rhythm.

What causes falls?

• chronic health conditions, such as heart disease, dementia and low blood pressure (hypotension), which can cause dizziness.
• impairments, such as poor vision or muscle weakness.
• illnesses that can affect balance, such as labyrinthitis (inflammation of the delicate balance regulating parts of the ear)

What causes falls? | healthdirect

https://www.healthdirect.gov.au › what-causes-falls

Dear Lamia Al-Naama ,

Thanks for the great link,

brigid

Heart disease, and low blood pressure , Poor vision or muscle weakness, illnesses that can affect balance

Hi,

Irrespective of the underlying health complications, I have seen people with butterfingers (letting objects slip) and fall frequently. I read somewhere that the brain limb motor co-ordinations suffers a few millisecond lag in such people. They actually would have fallen before they prepare themselves for a longer step. Pre-occupied brain and worries are said to be a main reason.

Diabetes, poor nutrition and blood pressure