There seems to be many climate models available at the regional level for Africa. Which is the best and how does in-situ climate data affect climate analysis?
NO climate model is best at all time, performance varies with respect to study interest(parameters you are focusing on) and subregions within West Africa,
However, for rainfall, temperature and wind based analysis. I recommend ICTP-RegCM model. It's very good relatively.
Also, if you are interested in using CORDEX outputs, I recommend SMHI-RCA4.
Read the following articles for more insight.
Cheers
Article Evaluation of rainfall simulations over West Africa in dynam...
Article Assessing the Capabilities of Three Regional Climate Models ...
Article Evaluation of present-day rainfall simulations over West Afr...
I will second Akintomide's answer that choosing a "best" climate model is dependent on your interest and still often very difficult to narrow down to just one model. Using multiple climate models in a study allows for analysis of variance and can allow results to be interpreted as more robust. Perhaps collaborating with a climate modeler particularly interested in this region would help you figure out which of the models would be best for your purpose. Many researchers involved in the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA) project are knowledgeable and interested in this very problem: https://www.amma2050.org/
In situ measurements can be used in bias correcting model output, here is an example paper using a reanalysis product to bias correct CMIP5 output:
Another interesting paper comparing CMIP5 fields over West Africa:
Article The Present and Future of the West African Monsoon: A Proces...
A new simulation with 4km resolution (convection-permitting) has been done and can compliment using global and regional climate models:
Article A Pan-African Convection-Permitting Regional Climate Simulat...
Sorry, my area of expertise is more with global climate models, but hope some of these links help you start thinking about climate modeling in this region!
In my experience, the WRF model is ahead of other numerical models. The problem that may arise is that of data. I wanted to mention in relation to their availability and quality. If the data are available, it would be enough to apply the observation nudging method to the multiscale analysis to expect insightful results.
I also wanted to mention that many of the last generation numerical models can be applied to the West Africa region. The current problem would not be the most efficient models but our mastery of these models before their applications.