I want to get nanoparticles out of ethanol solution. i know filter paper can not do this because the aperture on filter paper is bigger than the nano particles. What else can I use?
it definitely depends on the size of your nanoparticles and how you want to use them in the next step. In general, you can centrifuge them or remove ethanol by evaporation. In order to avoid aggregation you might want to redisperse them into some other solvent.
The speed and time of centrifugation depend on your NPs type and centrifugation tube you use. If the NPs aggregation does not matter and tube is hard enough, you can proceed at higher speed like more than 15,000 rpm. But if you do not want aggregation you can use 6,000 to 10,000 rpm for 30 minutes or more. You need to check if the NPs and supernatant is completely isolated after centrifugation. If not, increase the time. I recommend you to keep 6,000 to 10,000 rpm but increase the time if needed for the proper separation.
Magnetic nano particles can only be separated by using magnet as suggested by Olena. However, high speed centrifugation is the best method for separating nanoparticles.
Nanoparticles can be separated from aqueous solution by centrifugation process followed by decantation. The remnant of the liquid phase can be removed by heating at the boiling point of the liquid (in this case, the boiling point of ethanol) with constant monitoring.