Do few conditions like cancer, COPD, stroke etc fall in this definition?
Or can this definition be expanded to incorporate a larger volume of health related conditions?
What you are asking, has been the topic of a long lasting research project on Global Burden of Disease (WHO, now C. Murray's Institute in Seattle).
Two earlier publications might be helpful as a starting point:
Ezzati, M., Lopez, A. D., Rodgers, A., Vander Hoorn, S., & Murray, C. J. (2002). Selected major risk factors and global and regional burden of disease. The Lancet, 360(9343), 1347-1360.
Ezzati, M., & Lopez, A. D. (2003). Estimates of global mortality attributable to smoking in 2000. The Lancet, 362(9387), 847-852.
Not to forget indirect consequences of passively smoking:
Öberg, M., Jaakkola, M. S., Woodward, A., Peruga, A., & Prüss-Ustün, A. (2011). Worldwide burden of disease from exposure to second-hand smoke: a retrospective analysis of data from 192 countries. The Lancet, 377(9760), 139-146.
Dear Reshu
These are informations from the National Cancer Institute of Brazil and may be useful for you:
Many studies show that consumption of tobacco ( cigarette, cigar , narguillé ) causes nearly 50 different diseases , especially cardiovascular ( heart attack, angina ) , cancer and chronic obstructive lung disease ( emphysema and bronchitis) . Cardiovascular diseases and cancer are the leading causes of death by disease in Brazil , and lung cancer , the leading cause of cancer death .
Estimates of incidence and cancer mortality in Brazil , published by the National Cancer Institute - Brazil indicate that smoking is responsible for :
- 200,000 deaths per year in Brazil ( 23 people per hour ) ;
- 25 % of deaths from coronary heart disease ;
- 45 % of deaths from coronary heart disease in individuals under age 60 ;
- 45 % of deaths from acute myocardial infarction in the range below 65 years ;
- 85 % of deaths from bronchitis and emphysema ;
- 90% of cases of lung cancer ( among remaining 10 % , third is passive smokers ) ;
- 30 % of deaths from other types of tobacco - related cancers (mouth , larynx , pharynx , esophagus , pancreas , kidney, bladder , and cervix ) ;
- 25% of vascular disease ( stroke, thrombosis).
Smoking can also cause : sexual impotence in men ; pregnancy complications ; arterial aneurysms ; ulcers of the digestive tract ; respiratory infections .
When you quit smoking your risk of getting these diseases decreases gradually and the body of the ex -smoker will reestablishing
What you get stopping smoking ? The person who smokes is addicted to nicotine . Considered a very powerful drug , nicotine acts on the central nervous system , such as cocaine , with a difference : reaches the brain in just seven seconds - two to four seconds faster than cocaine . It is normal , therefore, that by quitting smoking , the first days are the hardest , but the difficulty will be smaller every day .
Statistics show that smokers compared to non smokers present risk :
10 times more likely to become ill from lung cancer
5 times higher for heart attack
5 times more likely to suffer from chronic bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema
2 times more likely to suffer stroke If you stop smoking now :
After 20 minutes your blood pressure and pulse return to normal
• after 2 hours no more nicotine in your blood
• after 8 hours the oxygen level in the blood normalizes
• 2 days after your smell better now perceives the smells and taste buds regains ability to identify flavors
• after 3 weeks breathing becomes easier and circulation improves
• after 5 to 10 years the risk for heart attack is equal to someone who has never smoked The sooner you quit smoking, lower the risk of getting sick . Who does not smoking has a better quality of life
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