This question essentially seeks information about the best methods for capturing and storing carbon in terrestrial ecosystems to mitigate climate change. It asks for an understanding of the most effective strategies without delving into specific measurement or monitoring details.
Many state that the best strategy for "for land-based carbon sequestration" is trees. In planting trees, we need to be careful not to introduce non-native species while ensuring that using trees or other vegetation for carbon sequestration supports the wider ecosystems and does not create other problems. We must be further cautious not to neglect greenhouse gases without carbon or non-greenhouse has pollutants. Integrating topics: https://doi.org/10.1108/DPM-02-2017-0043
The biggest project today is the 50 billion trees being planted by 24 countries, under the "Middle East Green Initiative". Saudi Arabia has set aside 200 million hectares to replant, and calculate that when planted will remove 2.5% of the world's CO2 production each year. The Saudi planting is progressing at the rate of one million trees per week. Another member is planting at five million trees per week. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QO8PcbxOu0Y
Planting/harvesting trees is a good strategy provided that the wood is used in products that have a long life
Native desert grasses are even better, because if a fire goes through a forest you lose your stored carbon--whereas the soil carbon put there by grasses, is not impacted by fires and will remain in the soil for hundreds of years. See https://www.ecoseeds.com/greatbasin.html and we dated the carbon in the soil of those Great Basin desert grasses, and they will stay there for at least 300 years.
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