I think you can start by using R and RStudio to work and visualize some of your time series data, addressing missing observations and running some plots if possible. R is a great tool and will improve how fast you can organize your database. Then you could start with some trend analysis, i suggest this simple tutorial to start:
Climate indices can be calculated using Microsoft Office Excel, Microsoft Office Access, SPSS Statistics, Statistica, and a number of other programs for mathematical data processing, as well as using mathematical software packages such as MathCAD or Matlab. However, due to the large amount of data, this is quite inconvenient. Before working with such programs, you need to create a database of stations yourself, organize this data, interpret the values to exclude gaps, which takes a lot of time, and often write the appropriate program code to build regression estimates. Therefore, there is a need to create software that allows you to quickly and conveniently calculate and analyze climate indices.
Based on the processing of primary data from weather stations, various statistical characteristics of the climate are obtained, which are subsequently used for forecasting. In practice, several types of values are usually used for various climate parameters: average values, extreme (highest and lowest) values, and amplitudes.ке обычно используют несколько типов значений для различных климатических параметров: средние значения, экстремальные (наибольшие и наименьшие) значения и амплитуды.
Hello, in order to evaluate climate change by software, it is necessary to have spatial and temporal information and to study the trend of seasonal changes for a large region of the world.
For the analysis of climate trends you can use several software programs in fact. For example, I used Excel to see the trend and breaks in the climate series and I also used STATA for comparison purposes. There are others that use INSTAT and R but I haven't actually used either of these.
I have posted the following answer in several other questions related to trend analysis. For the sake of new visitors, I am posting the following again:
I have developed two R-Packages namely 'modifiedmk' and 'trendchange' to perform various trend tests.
In case if the timeseries is not affected by Auto-Correlation (also called as - Serial Correlation), I would suggest using:
· Non-Parametric Mann-Kendall Trend Test (mkttest) from modifiedmk package
· Non-Parametric Spearman’s Rank Correlation Trend Test (spear) from modifiedmk package
· Innovative Trend Analysis (innovtrend) from trendchange package
· Innovative Polygon Trend Analysis (ipta) from trendchange package
If the series is affected by serial correlation, I would suggest using an ensemble of methods instead of using just one modified version of non-parametric test from ‘modifiedmk’ package:
· Pre-Whitening with Mann-Kendall Test (pwmk)
· Trend Free Pre-Whitening with Mann-Kendall Test (tfpwmk)
· Bias-Corrected Pre-Whitening with Mann-Kendall Test (bcpw)
· Bootstrapped Mann-Kendall Trend Test with Optional Bias Corrected Prewhitening (pbmk)
· Block Bootstrapped Mann-Kendall Trend Test (bbsmk)
· Block Bootstrapped Spearman’s Rank Correlation Trend Test (bbssr)
· Modified Mann-Kendall Test Using the Hamed and Rao (1998) Variance Correction Approach (mmkh)
· Modified Mann-Kendall Test Using the Yue and Wang (2004) Variance Correction Approach (mmky)
It is also important to indicate the trend change points in the time series (When the changes in the trend occurred) along with the trend results. Trend Change Points can be analysed using the following functions from ‘trendchange’ package: