Dear Dariusz

I think we have to distinguish between ideas and the means that sustain them. An idea is the same be transmitted orally, on paper or by computer means. But it is indisputable that there is a change in the way of knowing things. In the sense of information and communication, telematic means are of great importance, due to their intercommunication and rapid access

As for the philosophy of science, it refers above all to the study of scientific theories and methods, and to the language that science uses. It is therefore one more discipline of philosophy. The philosophical one of the science thinks that it is a reflection on the own science, a study of the structures of the theories ...

Among the most outstanding authors of the F. de la. C. would have to quote Popper, Lakatos, Stegmüller, Kuhn, Radnitzky, Jammer ...

https://www.mobt3ath.com/dets.php?page=313&title=%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A9

Question: What is the logical structure of science?

Today there is a tendency to post-non-classical philosophy . Thus no really observed objects or subjects are involved into it.

Themas are as follows:

Quantum logic

Phenomenological logic

Neurological research of response

Disappearance of subject

Science without a man

I think it's best to consult the book: The Oxford Companion to Philosophy, Oxford University Press. Entry: Science, problems of ...

The book also contains references to many philosophers of science

Dear Friends and Colleagues of RG, I suggest the following questions: What is the philosophy of science determined by? What factors currently shape theories describing the role of modern science?

Is the development of computerized advanced information processing technologies, ie technologies typical of the current technological revolution known as Industry 4.0, currently one of the major determinants shaping contemporary philosophical concepts describing the role of science and conducted research?

In some countries over 90 percent. official matters citizens now settle through the Internet at home. Similarly with payments and transfers via the Internet as part of electronic banking. In addition to laptops, tablets, smartphones and smartphones, more and more devices allow access to the Internet. Therefore, more and more devices offer various information services available on the Internet. More and more people use the Internet as the main global information medium. The time spent on reading books decreases and the time spent on browsing information portals and social media portals on the Internet increases. In this way, people's habits and social behaviors change. This situation can also influence the role and importance of science in the modern world.

Do you agree with my opinion on this matter?

In view of the above, I am asking you the following question: Is the development of computerized advanced information processing technologies, ie technologies typical of the current technological revolution known as Industry 4.0, currently one of the major determinants shaping contemporary philosophical concepts describing the role of science and conducted research?

Please reply

I invite you to the discussion

Thank you very much

Best wishes

Yes i fully agree. Many books are scanned today. Especially ancient ones. We must find a method of fast languages learning, cause one english seems to be not enough yet

Dear Dariusz

I think we have to distinguish between ideas and the means that sustain them. An idea is the same be transmitted orally, on paper or by computer means. But it is indisputable that there is a change in the way of knowing things. In the sense of information and communication, telematic means are of great importance, due to their intercommunication and rapid access

As for the philosophy of science, it refers above all to the study of scientific theories and methods, and to the language that science uses. It is therefore one more discipline of philosophy. The philosophical one of the science thinks that it is a reflection on the own science, a study of the structures of the theories ...

Among the most outstanding authors of the F. de la. C. would have to quote Popper, Lakatos, Stegmüller, Kuhn, Radnitzky, Jammer ...

The question about the logical structure of science is an interesting one, that ought to be considered more in theses on the philosophy of science. As far as the basic rules of logic (Modus Ponens and Tollens), the criterion of testability for scientific theories presupposes that experimental evidence must precede the acceptability of hypotheses and theories. Thus the logical sequence of establishing the antecedent before the consequent is violated (if p then q: if a theory is correct then experimental evidence will ensue) by scientific practice. Therefore, the question remains, what is the logical structure of science?

Also, the comment about cause and effect brings up a consideration of the fact that determinism is something we attribute to nature, but causality is a human idea.

I agree that there are many instances of such occurrences; there is a very persuasive feature attached to the realization that whenever one sees something clearly, that must be the way it is. I believe that false-positive data can be an example of such cases, and it requires further examination in the hope that we minimize the role of the confirmation bias. The question is, how much examination before a decision is made either way? I will read the two pieces about the Higgs results. Thanks

What are the problems and theses proposed in the field of: Philosophy of science and research?

The title of the Thesis could read: "The possible problems proposed in the field of Philosophy of Science".

The given title is the Thesis title which then would lead to the investigation of possible problems in the field of the philosophy of science. The focus then would be problems in that field. The field is the context of investigation thus delimiting the study to a fixed area. The field of research could be a separate area of investigation with a new title of its own to enhance focus. The philosophy of science and research seem to be two unrelated fields in one study and could be confusing.

In the context of the above considerations, it is important to distinguish scientific knowledge from other types of knowledge, data, information, etc. This distinction should facilitate defining the essence of scientific knowledge and the purposefulness, validity and philosophy of conducted research in the context of the current development of science, civilization and key global problems.

In my opinion, scientific knowledge differs from other types of knowledge, data, information, etc., primarily by the following features:

1. Scientific knowledge is fully objective, verified by independent scientific research. The course of the conducted research, applied research methods and their nature and research issues should be determined objectively by scientists, ie independently of other entities and institutions.

2. Scientific knowledge should serve people, solve key problems of civilization development, should inspire to develop cooperation between people, etc. New scientific research should be undertaken on topics that were diagnosed with opportunities or threats to the development of human civilization but also natural environment, sustainable development, etc. .

3. Scientific knowledge can not be used in media propaganda, propaganda carried out by dominant companies and corporations as well as other pressure groups. Scientific knowledge should not be used in the media to falsify the image of reality for citizens, in order to create a specific ideology resulting from the interest of a specific company or institution operating anti-social.

4. Scientific knowledge inspires to ask more questions and to seek answers by conducting scientific research using increasingly new research tools and new technologies. Scientific knowledge should inspire to conduct further scientific research, to formulate questions and research theses on topics crucial for the development of human civilization but also the natural environment, sustainable development, etc.

5. Scientific knowledge should be extended through objectively, ethically, socially-led scientific research. In order to make scientific knowledge objectively enriched with new content, institutions that finance the conduct of scientific research can not affect the course and results of scientific research.

Best wishes

I agree with Miquel Ricart

I agree! Thank you Dr. Dariusz Prokopowicz.

It seems to me that what Professor Prokopowicz has stated suggests a reformulation of the traditional view of what the philosophy of science is supposed to be. Two of his points (2 and 5) seem to me different from the other three, which seem like declarative statements at the outset, but end up containing normative statements as well in their conclusions.

What I think is problematic in the traditional philosophy of science context is that declarative statements belong to a different category than normative ones, where the latter ones are neither true nor false.

I grant that Professor Prokopowicz's view would not be afflicted by the criticism that it contains a sort of conflation of these different types of statements, if his intent is to broaden the traditional view of scientific knowledge based on the philosophy of science. If it is, then it would be incumbent upon us to teach the philosophy of science with an awareness that we are going beyond what is strictly within the bounds of philosophy, and include in the new context elements of sociology and psychology. In summary, we would be including statements about the way we think things are, and the way they ought to be.