Interactions Between Real and Virtual Spacetimes

Here arise the problems of modern physics that theories at the quantum scales have been discontinued. Therefore we should pass through the quantum scales and review phenomena at the sub quantum levels. The question is where to enter the sub quantum levels? Answer is; open a new window for massive photons. The reason this answer is that although there are theoretical reasons to accept that the photon is a massless particle. The massless particle is an assumption, also a long series of very different experiments lead to the current experimental upper bound on the photon mass greater than zero. In this article, we analyzed that c is the edge of visible and invisible particles such as virtual photons and graviton. It leads us passing the real spacetime and enter into the virtual spacetime and describe interactions between real spacetime and virtual spacetime and reach to non-obvious space.

DOI:10.14331/ijfps.2014.330075

http://fundamentaljournals.org/ijfps/downloads/75_IJFPS_Dec_2014_114_121.pdf

It depends on your system. For Schrödinger electron, there is no vacuum. For Dirac electron vacuum is polarized.

Dear Nuri

My question is; How we can describe quantum vacuum without using the uncertainty principle?

For QED there are virtual particles emerging from the vacuum

Dear Stefano

I am speaking about; What is vacuum made of?

Virtual photons can’t be observed directly, but the uncertainty principle overcomes this problem. Also, The virtual photons can go from one interacting particle to the other faster than light speed (http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0107091)

It means we believe quantum mechanics work well at quantum scales and high speed close to light speed but are not able to work beyond those they have stopped at boundary between the light speed and faster than light. In my opinion we should review beyond the speed of light by using the quantum mechanics and relativity. In the classical derivation of Lorentz transformations there is no real solution for speed greater than light so thought has stopped at speed of light. But the physical realities such as vacuum energy and virtual photon showed that the speed of light and visible particles isn’t the end of physical spaces.

Vacuum is made of energy which is Planck's constant times frequency f.  Frequency is reciprocal of time. Thus vacuum is related to time only. Space is invariant. Time maybe dilated which leading to measure a decrease in the speed of light, but not locally, or time may contracted which leads to measure a faster than light in vacuum but not locally. The speed of light is locally constant and equals to c speed of light in vacuum.

It is impossible to describe quantum vacuum without using the uncertainty principle. Why? Because Lorentz transformation is vacuum energy dependent (inertial frames) and thus the acceleration or deceleration is vacuum fluctuations. The least energy can be absorbed or lost to the particle to accelerate or decelerate (change its velocity) is hf/2  which is the ground state. If you would like to understand well what is the meaning of Heisenberg uncertainty principle and how it is related to vacuum fluctuations, you must understand the Lorentz transformation as the vacuum energy dependent and that means there is no space-time continuum, it is only time. which means removing objectivity. If you study the twin paradox in SRt and how it is solved in case of proposing acceleration, this will give you what is the vacuum fluctuations according to my new transformation equations. and how all the paradoxes in SRT disappeared in my new transformation equations which leading to the wave-particle duality and the commutation relations in quantum. The wave-particle duality and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle are one thing.  Review my paper http://dx.doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2014.10.002 and see how I succeeded in quantization of gravity. 

Dear Azzam

There is very narrow boundary between real and virtual particles in physical phenomena. But this boundary isn’t a natural effect our equations had imposed to physical laws. Natural phenomena obey of a unified law.

Our tools are made up of visible (detectable) particles/matter, so we can not observe and measure invisible existence. It is not nature problem, its human problem.

You wrote:"It is impossible to describe quantum vacuum without using the uncertainty principle." I disagree with you. We are able to explain invisible particles such as virtual photon and explain the quantum vacuum without using the uncertainty principle.

For more please see

http://fundamentaljournals.org/ijfp...loads/75_IJFPS_Dec_2014_114_121.pdf

Dear Hussein,

If we want to talk about motion we must talk about the Lorentz transformation equations. Lorentz transformation was built basis on objectivity, and according to objectivity Einstein interpreted the Lorentz transformation in his SRT. To simplify the meaning of objectivity in SRT, let’s propose a plane flies from Paris to London in a constant speed v (inertial frame). Here we neglect the effect of acceleration or deceleration for simplicity. According to the concept of objectivity, when the plane flies from Paris, then it flies for both the observer on the ground and the observer on the moving plane (the pilot), and thus they are agreed that the plane flies from Paris, and when the plane arrives to London, then it arrives to London for both the observer on the ground and the pilot, and thus they are agreed that the plane arrives to London. Both of the observer on the ground and the pilot will agree that the plane arrives at any point in the space separation between Paris and London. By this principle it is resulted the principle of determinism, causality and continuity in the laws of physics.

Thus Einstein built his SRT basis on objectivity which causes the determinism, causality and continuity. And because of that in the speeds near the speed of light (relativistic) or slow speeds (classical) determinism, causality and continuity appeared because of objectivity. And then by objectivity it must resulted the concept of space-time continuum in the interpretation of Einstein to the Lorentz transformation equations in his SRT.

Copenhagen school proved experimentally that the observer has the main formation of the phenomenon, and that is clear from the Heisenberg definition to the wave function that it is a mixture between two things, the first is the reality, and the second is our knowledge to this reality. Furthermore the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the commutation relations indicate us to refusing objectivity in the natural laws. Einstein understood that, and because of that Einstein hated quantum theory, especially Heisenberg uncertainty principle as he said at the end of his life. All the attempts now to unify between relativity theory and quantum are attempts to unify between quantum theory and relativity without destroying the principle of objectivity in physics. They must keep relativity as it is because they must keep on objectivity in physics. If you relativity changed, then objectivity will be destroyed, and then materialism will die in the laws of physics. That will lead the universe will be idealist. Review Zeno's paradox and compare it by new transformation equations and how that will lead to wave-particle duality and the Heisenberg uncertainty. Furthermore review this new paper http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/12/141219085153.htm?utm_source=feedburner http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/12/141219085153.htm?utm_source=feedburner this paper answers about your question.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/12/141219085153.htm?utm_source=feedburner

Dear Azzam

I do not disagree with you, in fact you are right in visible universe. There are a lot unanswered questions and complex concepts in theoretical physics that the standard model and relativity do not have answers for and the physicists believe that it is due to the inability of theories. Kane, G. (2003). The dawn of physics beyond the standard model.

If we want resolve modern physics problems, we should pass old theories.

what is the Heisenberg uncertainty principle?

According to reinterpretation the Lorentz transformation equations by removing objectivity,  it is impossible that the observer on the ground and the pilot of the plane to agree that the plane arrived at any point in space during the motion at the same time. This is new interpretation to the length contraction and time dilation by removing objectivity.  And this is the core of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle in quantum theory, and the wave-particle duality, which means refusing objectivity. And in order to understand what –at the same time- means, we must understand how the concept of acceleration or deceleration are related to the vacuum fluctuations, and then that leads us to understand how the Heisenberg uncertainty principle are related the vacuum fluctuations. Also according to my new transformation equations we get the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the wave-particle duality are one thing. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/12/141219085153.htm?utm_source=feedburner

http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/news/2014/jul/28/new-correction-to-speed-of-light-could-explain-sn1987-neutrino-burst

It is impossible that physicists accept to change relativity, and I told you why? I challenge any physicists to post my paper  http://dx.doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2014.10.002 in arxiv.org . One of the famous scientists told me after he convinced I succeeded in quantization of gravity by changing relativity, 99.99% of the posted papers in arxiv are wrong, and useless, and I accept to post wrong papers or useless papers in arxiv. But I do not accept to post your paper in arxiv, and I'm sure it is right and a revolutionary. Not everything right must be appeared to public. He told me; if your paper posted in arxiv, a student in high school will understand your paper is right and Einstein is wrong, and you understand everything now. 

Dear Azzam

I saw your article and I agree with you that we should modify Relativity Theory. In my opinion if we will resolve modern physics problem, of the first we should reconsider relativistic Newton second law. In general, we need new ideas in theoretical physics concepts. Page 119 of following article;

http://fundamentaljournals.org/ijfps/downloads/75_IJFPS_Dec_2014_114_121.pdf

Dear Hussein,

I agree completely with you that we must define Newton's second law as relativistic but not only relativistic, it must be relativistic and quantized. Quantized means in terms of frequency. But that is impossible to be quantized under the concept of Einstein of the  space-time continuum. Because of that physicists do understand if symmetry conserved for all ranges of velocity or not, because symmetry keeping on space-time continuum basis on objectivity in Einstein's interpretation of the Lorentz transformation. And by the equivalence principle of Einstein depending on the concept of classical force and acceleration, physicists could not interpret the result of Pond-Rebka experiment. Proponents of the theory of General Relativity offer three different conflicting explanations of the results of the The Pound-Rebka experiment that are said to be equivalent to each other and therefore all equally correct. All make the claim that the results of the Pound-Rebka Experiment are “proof” of the Equivalence Principle even though nothing in these measurements suggests any need for the Equivalence Principle. Although they could not illustrates why the red-shift causes by gravity and that caused the energy-momentum problem in GR. The Pioneer 10/11 anomaly and the decrease of light by gravity illustrate experimentally there is no energy-momentum problem, because the decrease in the Pioneer anomaly is same the decrease in the speed of light. Review this paper and you know how that http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/news/2014/jul/28/new-correction-to-speed-of-light-could-explain-sn1987-neutrino-burst

The problem exists in the GR. But physicists do not want to modify relativity. All the problems are solved in my paper. I derived Newton's second law as relativistic and quantized, and then the relativistic quantized inertial force and then the relativistic quantized gravitational force, but it is impossible to understand that within the context of Einstein's interpretation to the Lorentz transformation equation, because there is a red-shift causes by gravity, and that impossible to be interpreted in GR. treating light as a quantum object, the change in a photon's velocity depends not on the strength of the gravitational field, but on the gravitational potential itself. However, this leads to a violation of Einstein's equivalence principle – that gravity and acceleration are indistinguishable – because, in a gravitational field, the gravitational potential is created along with mass, whereas in a frame of reference accelerating in free fall, it is not. Therefore, one could distinguish gravity from acceleration by whether a photon slows down or not when it undergoes particle–antiparticle creation. How can we understand that by GR, it is impossible, but by my theory is right and all the problems solved in physics now.

Dear Mohamed El Naschie

Thank you for your advise. I agree it need to develop, is it possible for you help me?

Dear Azzam

Good event, thank you. I appreciate your attention. Also it is notable that I do not claim that my understanding is complete, it is a new step to a new way for resolve modern physics problems. In my opinion we can start with reviewing the concepts of electromagnetic energy and its relationship with gravity.

Dear Hossein,

I think we must start from Lorentz transformation equations, that means inertial frame, and how Einstein interpreted the Lorentz transformation equations depending on his concept of relative simultaneity, constancy of the speed of light, and how the laws of physics are the same according to his interpretation (Lorentz invariance) and space-time continuum. Then we discuss how this interpretation failed to be unified with quantum theory concepts and principle, specially with the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the wave-particle duality and discreteness. The problem in quantization of gravity starts from here Lorentz transformation equations.

In this context, may I remind you that in condensed-matter theory, the vacuum is simply the ground state.  Thus, in a 3Dal Fermi system -- such as nuclear matter or 3He fluid -- the vacuum is the filled Fermi sphere, where there are no particles [outside the sphere] and no holes [inside it].  This quantum-field-theoretic language is very appealing and is widely used in nonrelativistic, low-energy many-body theory.

Dear Azzam

We do not know everything at sub quantum level. In fact, in theory we have stopped at quantum levels, also Lorentz invariance (and his transformation) stopped at light speed, but actions happen at the sub quantum level.

Dear Humam

You are right, I agree with you that standard model works well at quantum level. But there are a lot unanswered questions and complex concepts in theoretical physics that the standard model and relativity do not have answers for and the physicists believe that it is due to the inability of theories. So, we should review beyond the speed of light by using the quantum mechanics and relativity.

Dear Azzam,

I think we must start from Lorentz transformation equations, that means inertial frame, and how Einstein interpreted the Lorentz transformation equations depending on his concept of relative simultaneity, constancy of the speed of light, and how the laws of physics are the same according to his interpretation (Lorentz invariance) and space-time continuum

I think you are right. There are issues in how inertial systems were extended by Einstein and the LLI.

LLI or Minkowsky metric is for sure respected in non accelerated laboratories in deep space. I seriously doubt that this is respected in arbitrary free falling laboratories and that all the free falling laboratories are equivalent, I will explain my detailed reasons.

Then we discuss how this interpretation failed to be unified with quantum theory concepts and principle, specially with the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the wave-particle duality and discreteness..

sure....

Dear All,

Einstein interpreted the Lorentz transformation equations depending on objectivity! By Objectivity means the moving observer and the observer on the ground both of them will agree at the event that occurs at any point in space. Event occurs, then it must occur for both moving observer and for the observer on the ground. Because of objectivity, it is resulted the concept of space-time continuum, and then it is resulted the determinism, causality and continuity. Thus basis on objectivity and the concept of relativity simultaneity. it produced the concept of length contraction. The concept of the Length contraction is important for keeping on the constancy of the speed of light. 

But in quantum theory, it refused the concept of objectivity. That means if event occurs in space for an observer, then this event must not occur for the other observer in space. Because of that quantum entanglement and quantum tunnelling can't be interpreted according to Einstein's interpretation to the Lorentz transformation equations, and the faster than light is not possible, because it violated the Lorentz invariance. Here we must understand what is the Lorentz invariance, and why physicists considered the Lorentz invariance according to Einstein's interpretation to the Lorentz transformation depending on objectivity. And what about if we reinterpreted the Lorentz transformation by removing objectivity, and then how The Lorentz transformation equations will lead to the wave-particle duality and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle by refusing objectivity. All of these we must be understood, if we consider space is invariant, and time is only contracted or dilated, which leading to measure faster than light or a decrease in the speed of light, but not locally. Speed of light is locally constant and equals to the speed of light in vacuum....how? The answer is very simple!

I think the next step in order to understand quantum theory according to the Lorentz transformation equations, is to imagine space is invariant and then reinterpreted the Lorentz transformation equation according to time only, not space-time continuum, and then refusing the reciprocity principle that adopted by Einstein. Reciprocity principle leads to keep on the concept of relative velocity. What if we interpreted the Lorentz transformation according to time only, and by refusing the reciprocity principle by considering space is invariant. Imagine how the Lorentz transformation will become then!

Dear Azzam

What means "space is invariant"?

There is not a simple space in nature.

Any small shear of the available space is composed of real and virtual spacetimes and non-obvious space. Interaction between these spaces causes creation and annihilation the detectable particles. Also, Lorentz transformation equations have limited with the speed of light. Our physical observations and experiences are limiting by the visible universe or real spacetime. We and our tools belong to the real spacetime, and obey of its laws. So we are not able to observe or detect virtual beings.

Dear Hussein,

I explained in my paper http://dx.doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2014.10.002 how Einstein interpreted the Lorentz transformation basis on objectivity. According to objectivity it exists the Lorentz contraction. In my paper above I reinterpreted the concept of Lorentz contraction by refusing objectivity. According to my theory; the Lorentz contraction is not exist in the Length of the moving frame in the direction of the velocity, and thus by the reciprocity principle of Einstein the distance between two points in space on the ground must be contracted for the observer on the moving frame. Now in my theory space is invariant means both the observer on the ground and the observer on the moving frame must measure the same distance between two points in the moving frame and on the ground in case of inertial frame (remember here we talk only on inertial frames). The length contraction exists in the passed distance of the moving frame for the observer on the moving frame in constant speed comparing to the measured distance at this time for the moving frame relative to the observer on the ground. This is the core of Heisenberg uncertainty principle. It is impossible that the observer on the ground and the observer on the moving frame agree at the location of the moving frame at the same point in space at the same time. Remember the time of the observer on the moving frame moves in a slower rate than the time on the ground. And by refusing the reciprocity principle according to this interpretation, it is required to multiply the y and z coordinates systems by the Lorentz factor. This leads the speed of light is locally constant and equals to the speed of light in vacuum. But globally leads the VSL according to measured time only, not spacetime continuum. From that we get the Lorentz transformation is vacuum energy dependent since space is invariant. and thus my interpretation leads to the wave-particle duality. (Review the Zeno's paradox) and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle when we deal with acceleration according to my transformation as vacuum fluctuations.  Now you can understand very simple what is the wave-particle duality and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, they are same thing according to my transformation. And how my transformation is related to vacuum and entropy at the same time. How increasing temperature for example will lead to increasing entropy and then leads to time dilation, it depends on the energy of the vacuum. That required from you to understand my quantization of gravity, which required another discussion with you to review how the experimental measurements agreed with my interpretation exactly.

The problem in relativity, most of physicists understand it as mathematics, But they do not understand according to the philosophy, because of that they could not understand quantum tunnelling and entanglement , and the laws of quantum physics according to the objectivity which was adopted in the Lorentz transformation equations. According to objectivity it is resulted the determinism, causality and continuity for both the observer on the ground and the observer on the moving frame. But that is impossible according to quantum theory experiments. because of that trying to understand quantum theory according to Lorentz transformation equations is impossible. In quantum theory you deal with Lorentz invariance, and at the same time you collide with the concept of symmetry in order to understand the objectivity in Lorentz transformation which required the space-time continuum. After that let's discuss how I quantized gravitation and how there is no graviton, it is photon.

This is in response to the initial question of Prof. Javadi. From an observer's point of view, vacuum is a medium in which light and matter fields propagate. Something of an ether of early electrodynamics, but with all the benefit of modern relativistic QFT. With excellent accuracy, it is a linear medium without dispersion. This experimental fact gives rise to the concept of free field.

In mathematical terms, looking at vacuum as medium implies a rather complicated "response transformation" of the conventional QFT. If interested, see L.P. and S.Stenholm, Ann. Phys. 338, 207 (2013) and references therein.

Dear L. I. Plimak,

Looking at vacuum as medium, I agree with you. But what does medium mean, if it is a vacuum. The answer will be found in my transformation equations in my paper http://dx.doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2014.10.002 As I explain in my previous comments; there is no space-time continuum according to my Lorentz transformation, it is only time that making to observe a decrease in the speed of light or increase in the speed of light, but locally the speed of light is constant and equals to the speed of light in vacuum.  When I observer a decrease in the speed of light as in the case of optics, that means there is a time dilation. Time dilation is a measure how the vacuum energy increased comparing to the vacuum energy of the laboratory. That depends on the difference of infinities between the vacuum energy of the lab. and the vacuum energy of the medium of the experiment, same as in the case of Casimir effect. In the case of Casimir effect the difference of the infinities between the two vacuums is negative, that means time is contracted not dilated, this leads to measure a faster than light but locally. According to my interpretation to the Lorentz transformation in my paper above what determine the vacuum as a medium is only time, and as you know time is the reciprocal of frequency, and thus when we talk about frequency, we talk about energy, and in this case we talk about the energy of the vacuum as a medium. 

Corrected....

In the case of Casimir effect the difference of the infinities between the two vacuums is negative, that means time is contracted not dilated, this leads to measure a faster than light globally but NOT locally.

Dear Azzam

I have studied your article. There is some interesting idea that shows you had hard work on them.

Let me continue with your mention, you wrote; "After that let's discuss how I quantized gravitation and how there is no graviton, it is photon." I think it is a good view point that helps us.

Suppose " there is no graviton, it is photon." how you explain the energy and momentum of this photon relative the photon energy formula?

Dear Hussein,

I think now we understand my theory. 

Now when we generalize my reinterpretation to the Lorentz transformation to non-inertial frames as in the case of gravity. The concept of acceleration or deceleration becomes a vacuum fluctuations, it is like a jumping from quantum state to another quantum state, where in each quantum state the Lorentz transformation is linear.

When a frame accelerated or decelerated, it means it gains or looses energy of frequency f, and when it continues accelerated, then it gains or looses f1, f2, f3. When the frame became stationary on the ground state, that means it is loosed all the absorbed energy f=f1+f2+f3.....

Now we can define the force as a function of frequency… why? Because there is no curved space-time as defined by Einstein’s field equation depending on his interpretation to the Lorentz transformation equations in the SRT, it is time only which is the reciprocity of frequency!

That leads to define the relativistic momentum as a function of frequency and time, and by derivation of the momentum with respect to time, we get the relativistic quantized force as a function of frequency and the velocity equivalent to the relativistic kinetic energy. This is the quantized and relativistic Newton’s second law.

Then we define the relativistic quantized inertial force depending on the quantized relativistic force, and by my equivalence principle we get the quantized gravitation force which is given as a function of the frequency equivalent to the relativistic escape velocity of the freely falling object (Remember! Einstein depended in his GR on the classical escape velocity not relativistic as resulted in the Schwarzschild solution). This frequency is produced according to my equivalence principle from the part of the rest mass of the freely object changes to photons which give the freely falling object to move in the speed equals to the escape velocity, and the relativistic mass is always equal to the rest mass. And thus according to my equivalence principle, the gravitational time dilation is produced by moving the freely falling object in a speed equals to the escape velocity. This is exactly agreed with Pound-Rebka experiment. Proponents of the theory of General Relativity offer three different conflicting explanations of these results that are said to be equivalent to each other and therefore all equally correct. All make the claim that the results of the Pound-Rebka Experiment are “proof” of the Equivalence Principle even though nothing in these measurements suggests any need for the Equivalence Principle.

Now, defining the force as a function of frequency leads the quantized force in the case of weak gravitational is always half the classical results and this is illustrating from where the factor of 2 in the Schwartzschild solution of Einstein's field equation, where Einstein depended in his equivalence principle on the concept of classical acceleration or force . There is a fascinating paper for Franson in J D Franson 2014 New J. Phys. 16 065008 doi:10.1088/1367-2630/16/6/065008 calculated that, treating light as a quantum object, the change in a photon's velocity depends not on the strength of the gravitational field, but on the gravitational potential itself, and this exactly what predicted in my quantization of gravity. This leads to the Schwarzschild radius GM/c^2 not 2GM/c^2 as predicted by Einstein in GR depending on the concept of classical force or acceleration. Thus there is no graviton, it is photon!!! ;)

Now, when the particle fall to quantum Schwarzschild radius GM/c^2, all the mass will change to photons, where the particle locally will move in the speed of light, but globally because of the red-shift the measured speed of light is c'=0. Also my interpretation to the Lorentz illustrates the Hubble's law and why the red-shift measured by gravity. Also in quantization of gravity, the red-shift or the decrease in the speed of light depends in the gravitational potential itself not on the strength of the field and this proved in Franson paper. Also the Pioneer anomaly is good proof for my theory, which leads to the wave-particle duality.

Also my theory will give you an idea how physicists could decrease the speed of light till approaching zero but not locally which depending on the vacuum energy according to my reinterpretation of the Lorentz transformation, it is same as in the case of the black hole. Also this will give understanding why time dilation exists in case of increasing temperature which refers to the increasing the vacuum energy, and how that related to entropy as in Hawking's theory.

The problem here is to understand 

1- How Einstein defined the decrease in the speed of light depending on the concept of space-continuum in Lorentz transformation and how that resulted the the curved space-time.

2- The decrease in the speed of the free fall object according to the Schwarzschild geometry (curved space-time), Schwarzschild geometry is not completely relativistic, where it deals with the escape velocity of free fall object as it is classical not relativistic although in the case of strong gravitational field. Because of that, physicists could not solve the Pioneer anomaly according to GR. Because according to GR it is required symmetry in order to keep on the objectivity and the space-time continuum in SRT. And because of that it is resulted the energy momentum problem in GR, not solved till now, but solved according to my theory.

Now the wave-particle duality in my transformation equations solves this problem and the observed decrease in the speed of light is same the observed decrease in the the speed of the free fall object,  where according to my theory the formula is relativistic quantum mechanics.

Now it is easy to understand why the factor of 2 appeared in the schwarzschild geometry when we deal with the problem as nonrelativistic quantum mechanics in the the Schroedinger equation.

the change in a photon's velocity depends not on the strength of the gravitational field, but on the gravitational potential itself,

yes as it is described by OKUN and promoted by Wheeler..

it is the relative speed which is not c but depends on the SPACE-TIME structure related to the gravitational potential through the SCHW metric.

Article Gravitation, photons, clocks

So the problem can be solved only when you understand how the factor of 2 exists in the Schwarzschild geometry according to the Einstein field equation. Photon has spin 1 while graviton has spin 2 according to Schwarzschild geometry of Einstein's field equation. But Schwarzschild geometry is not completely relativistic. It is only classical depending on the classical acceleration.

Dear Stefano Quattrini,

when you said "it is the relative speed which is not c but depends on the SPACE-TIME structure" These ideas produced a lot problems in physics still not solved. If you would like to discuss these problems in physics I'm ready to discuss it in details about that. I understand well why physicists still want to keep on the concept of relative speed and then keeping on the concept of space-time continuum to keep on objectivity in the laws of physics which produced a lot of unsolved problems in physics. Please read this essay, and I hope to discuss it also here, and how this result is considered as a violation of the Einstein equivalence in GR, and also let's discuss the result of the Pond-Rebka experiment and compare it with the equivalence principle of Einstein.

Read this paper and then we discuss

http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/news/2014/jul/28/new-correction-to-speed-of-light-could-explain-sn1987-neutrino-burst

My paper "The Quantization of General Relativity: Photon Mediates Gravitation" http://dx.doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2014.10.002 is discussed by a very famous referees and scientists, and none of them could proof any violation of my theory with any experimental result in QFT andany experimental result of relativity. They agreed now and convinced 100% that my theory is the real unified theory, but the problem is how to declare for the world that Einstein was wrong, and Almosallami is right. I hope from physicists to be honest! 

Dear Hossein,

The following are the properties.

Classically, Absolute, infinite space having permittivity and permeability.

Quantum mechanically,  zero -point energy.

Special Relativistically, flat space metric.

General relativistically, curvature.

Quantum Field theoretically, virtual particle-antiparticle pairs for all fields.

Quantum Gravitationally, Holography, discreteness.

Regards,

Rajat

Dear Dr. Almosallami,

Well done!  Although it is not exactly my field (I am only an amateur in this subject), I salute you for your thoroughness and sturdiness.  My comment is that the physics community does have, by and large, integrity and objectivity.  So, don't worry!  If you are right, all you need is (in the words of Leo Tolstoy in his masterpiece War and Peace)" time and patience; patience and time".  If you are not, then it is the attempt that should ultimately give you pride and inner satisfaction.  After all, who says it is easy to go against any icon -- let alone Einstein -- and against the main stream?  Please go ahead in your wwork and keep me posted.

Dear Dr Humam,

I really thank you very much for your great words. In fact I have formulated this theory while I was 23 years, while I was studying physics in Jordan before 20 years. At that time my knowledge in physics was limited, but I had a big imagination. At that time, it was written about my theory in Araai newspaper. As Einstein said imagination is more important than knowledge. Now after a hard working of studying relativity and quantum theory, I and some scientists and refereed  became understood that my theory is the right unified theory. The valuable discussion for me is with Viktor T. Toth. I have discussed with him about my solution to the Pioneer anomaly http://vixra.org/abs/1109.0058 for more than 4 years. He is one of the authors of the paper of the Thermal Origin of the Pioneer Anomaly. He was one of the Opponents of proposing a solution for the Pioneer anomaly as new physics. I interested with the discussion with him, and he helped me really to understand how is my theory is right while he was an Opponent of my proposed solution of the Pioneer anomaly according to new physics by modifying relativity, and the modified Lorentz transformation equations according to the Copenhagen school by refusing objectivity. Although he is an Opponent for me, but he is the most who helped me to understand my theory which I built it completely before 20.

Dear Dr. Almosallami,

What a pleasant surprise!  Were you in Amman or elsewhere in Jordan?  Tell me more about your education during that period.  I might have bumped into you then without realizing it! 

True, imagination is at least as important as knowledge.  I am now more encouraged to follow your progress.  All the best of luck.

Dear Dr Humam, 

I graduated physics from Applied science university, and my graduation project was reformulating the relativity theory of SRT according to the Copenhagen school concepts, and principles. At that it comes to me an idea reinterpreting the time dilation and the length contraction by refusing objectivity. That led me understand the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the  wave-particle duality simpler and easier. And I found the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the wave particle duality in my Lorentz transformation equations by refusing the reciprocity principle. That led to disappearing all the paradoxes in the SRT. At that time in 1994 I faced a problem when I quantized gravity, I wanted an experiment as a proof to me that as the light speed observed to decreased in gravity (red-shift), it is required to me an experiment to proof to me a decrease in the speed of the massive particles  in gravity according to my interpretation to SRT according to Copenhagen school. The Pioneer anomaly was good proof for me that a massive particles' speed observed to be decreased by gravity by the same factor of the light speed decreased in gravity which leading to solve the energy momentum problem in gravity. That was good proof when I calculated the Pioneer anomaly and I got an exact solution for the Pioneer anomaly.

If you review the recent calculations in this paper http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/news/2014/jul/28/new-correction-to-speed-of-light-could-explain-sn1987-neutrino-burst

In this paper Franson calculated that, treating light as a quantum object, the change in a photon's velocity depends not on the strength of the gravitational field, but on the gravitational potential itself. However, this leads to a violation of Einstein's equivalence principle. This is exactly what I proposed in my research in Applied science university in Amman in 1994, and it is written in my research in 1994.

Also the results of this paper http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/12/141219085153.htm?utm_source=feedburner

are predicted and proposed in my research that was done in 1994 

Dear Rajat

According the theoretical physics you are. In my opinion we can describe mechanism of vacuum energy and production of virtual photon without using the uncertainty principle.

Dear Azzam

In my opinion we should define graviton by using the energy and momentum of photon, when wavelength goes to infinity. It describes vacuum energy well.

Dear Hussien,

In my opinion when the wavelength goes to infinity according to  the de Broglie relation, the particle is stationary, P=0, That means according to my theory the difference of infinities of the vacuum energies equals to zero. the least possible vacuum energy difference is H/2 which H is Planck's energy. This is the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. The vacuum fluctuations is related to the difference of energy of the vacuum (vacuum fluctuations). That is very easy to be understood according  to the my transformation equations and my equivalence principle. Defining graviton according to energy and momentum  of the photon means to trying define the low speed range (classical speed range or classical kinetic energy) as it is graviton also, while which causing motion in the case of low speeds, and high speed ranges (relativistic kinetic energy) is energy which is photons in low speed or relativistic speed. So, in the case of gravity and according to my equivalence principle, In the case of weak gravitational field which is equivalent to classical kinetic energy which is photons, and in the case of strong gravitational field, it is also photons defined by relativistic kinetic energy. The problem of GR (Schwarzschild's geometry) , it is only classical concerning on weak gravitational field, which is classical kinetic energy.

Dear Azzam

"In my opinion when the wavelength goes to infinity..." you are right.

In a comment it is so hard to transform my understanding my opinion. I have defined graviton without using infinity.

Please see attachment. And for more explain pleasee see following link.

DOI:10.14331/ijfps.2014.330075

Dear Hossein,

Do you know why the laws of quantum theory and quantum field theory are strange for us? Because we try to understand these laws according to the interpretation of Lorentz transformation according to SRT which causing determinism, causality and continuity and continuum spacetime and then objectivity. the concept of virtual particle is strange if you would like to understand it according to the relativity interpretation of Lorentz transformation, But if you review my interpretation of the Lorentz transformation, by refusing objectivity and the space-time continuum, then it is easy to understand how virtual exists depending on time only. If you review my interpretation of Quantum tunneling and quantum entanglement, and how my interpretation led to disappear the Twin paradox in SRT depending on my interpretation, then it is very simple to understand how virtual particle exists. Review my  paper entitled "Time Contraction: The Possibility of Faster Than Light without Violation of Lorentz Transformation or Causality and the Vacuum Energy Dependent" http://dx.doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2014.04.001

It is time contraction according my interpretation of Lorentz transformation which leads to measuring a faster than light without violation Lorentz transformation or causality, and that led to think Virtual particles, however, do not appear directly amongst the observable and detectable input and output quantities of those calculations, which refer only to actual, as distinct from virtual, particles, and how that related to vacuum and vacuum fluctuations, that is appeared in my Lorentz transformation equations

Dear Azzam

Let me explain a little about my work for you. My first physical problem was the relativistic Newton second law. I have found we should reconsider the relativistic Newton second law. Because universal constancy of the speed of light undergoes the question whether the limit on the light speed originates from a natural event or not?

Regarding the phenomena of creation and decay of electron-positron pair, why do the related photons move at constant speed, but we could change the speed of matter and antimatter? What is the unique characteristic of matter which is convertible to photons that move with constant speed c (speed of light)? The idea that object/particle could not travel at superluminal speeds, originates from the structure of matter and the mechanism of interaction between field and mass; that with presenting a postulate we could generalize the constancy of speed from energy to mass. By gravitational blueshift, the energy of photon and consequently its frequency will increase. What is the mechanism of increasing in the photon energy that causes increase in its frequency growth?

Of the first we should reconsider the relativistic Newton second law that I have did.

Sometimes the quantum vacuum turns out to be a coherent state (Bose-Einstein condensate) of quantum zero (Higgs) modes. Therefore, this vacuum is not so "empty". Zero modes could be undetectable (dark) to some (namely "inertial") observers, but they could become detectable (bright) to other (namely "accelerated") observers, thus explaining for example the so called "vacuum radiation".

Dear Manuel

Thank you for your description.

How we can describe quantum vacuum without using uncertainly principle?

If the vacuum is a coherent state of zero modes, the zero point energy is proportional to the average number of zero modes, which fluctuates.

Vacuum is not empty. I agree.

What is the vacuum is filled?

I do not think we still have a clear answer to this question. This is related to dark energy and the cosmological constant problem, etc.

In my opinion there is three physical spaces in any small shear of quantum vacuum.

1-Real spacetime;

2-Virtual spacetime; it calls sub quantum energy (SQE) too.

3-Non-obvious space (NOS); everything such as graviton isn’t directly (also indirectly) detectable in non-obvious space. Production of non-obvious space is sub quantum energies such as virtual photon, in fact gravitons convert to sub quantum energies and virtual photon is made up of sub quantum energies.

It is notable that these spaces are indivisible of each other, they are closely intertwined. Any small shear of the available space is composed of above three spaces. Interaction between these spaces causes creation and annihilation the detectable particles.

Dear Hossein,

Why we propose three physical spaces?

Because we controlled by the Lorentz transformation equations and the interpretation of the Einstein to the Lorentz transformation equations in the SRT. But if we removed the concept of space-time continuum in the SRT, and then we considered it is only time, then we get the Lorentz transformation is vacuum energy dependent. And we get the three physical spaces you described Hossein by time only. The problem is very simple can be solved, and in this case we get the wave-particle duality and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle as one thing. I read your paper Hossein, and you are right how to think. But the problem you trying to solve these problem within the range of the Lorentz transformation equations, and the SRT interpretation according to objectivity and the space-time continuum. That is impossible to be solved like that.

Dear Hossein,

Heisenberg uncertainty and the wave particle duality is completely right and they are natural laws, and they are related to each other with the vacuum. They resulted as nature refuses objectivity which adopted in Einstein SRT. Because of that Einstein was hating the quantum theory and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He tried to prove it is wrong but he could not. He proposes many though experiments to prove quantum theory is wrong, and he defined the concept of spooky action, and quantum entanglement is proofed experimentally.  Einstein described the unified theory must be by reconsidering relativity theory with quantum theory (Copenhagen school). Physicists do not like to that, because of objectivity.

Dear Hossein,

If we modify relativity according to Copenhagen school, the result is Zeno's paradox is right and then it is solved by physics. Read about Zeno's paradox in http://www.iep.utm.edu/zeno-par/#SH1c and how the solving of Zeno's paradox leads to the wave-particle duality and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle in quantum theory. That leads to objectivity and the concept of space-time continuum is wrong. The problem is not only physics, But it is related to all branches of knowledge and philosophy. Einstein was understand that completely. He described everything completely, till he described he the unified theory is very simple, and he refused to share the developing of quantum theory, why? and how he understood that?

Dear Azzam

Lorentz transformation equations have written for real spacetime (observable spacetime), that observable spacetime is not the and of physical spaces. Modern physics do not attend to beyond the real spacetime. But virtual photon showed that there is physical evidence beyond the real spacetime.

You wrote "Heisenberg uncertainty and the wave particle duality is completely right and they are natural laws, and they are related to each other with the vacuum."

Yes, sure, according modern physics theories you are right. But these theories are not the end of nature of physical laws, they are human laws.

Dear Hossein,

If quantum theory is built basis on observation, and depends on observable quantities. Why do not we think in order to unifying between quantum theory and relativity that the Lorentz transformation must be interpreted basis on observation as in quantum theory also. Relative your comment "virtual photon showed that there is physical evidence beyond the real spacetime". yes you are right and I agree with you! But how can we understand that according to reinterpreting the Lorentz transformation according to observation, and then the possibility of observing faster than light depending on space and time. The possibility of faster than light is impossible according to the concept of space-time continuum. The concept of space-time continuum in SRT makes all the confusion in understanding physics for physicists, and making all the contradictions between quantum and relativity. 

Dear Hossein,

why do not you consider the relativity theory of Einstein is not the end of nature of physical law? If you review the experimental results that agreed with Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the wave-particle duality and the physics of the vacuum they are more than the experimental results that proof relativity. Why physicists agree to modify quantum theory, but they refuse to make any modification in the relativity theory, In any journal of physics, there is a policy not to accept to review any paper related to criticize relativity. But to criticize quantum theory is possible. why? Have you an answer for that?

Dear Hossein,

All the attempts by physicists to reach to the unified theory are to try to understand quantum theory according to relativity of Einstein, and all the attempts failed. But physicists have not tried to understand relativity according to quantum....why!!!!? What you do now is trying to understand quantum theory according to relativity also, Einstein was believing, in order to reach to the unified theory, you must understand relativity according to quantum theory. Why all physicists refused this attempt? I think Einstein understood the unified theory well, and he understood what is the error in his relativity theory, but he did not publish it. He kept silent. He described the unified theory it is very simple. How he understood all of that? 

Dear Azzam

"The possibility of faster than light is impossible according to the concept of space-time continuum." We are not committed stopped on the old theory. We can generalize old spacetime concept.

" If you review the experimental results that agreed with Heisenberg uncertainty principle.." I do not claim that uncertainty principle is wrong, I am saying we can develop our understanding of physical phenomenon.

If we generalize quantum theory and relative theory, we can unify fundamental force easy.

Dear Hossien,

Why you do not you try to refuse the old concept of space-time continuum? I understand that required to change relativity. To unify fundamental force, it is required to define it in terms of frequency only, and this is the idea of Heisenberg. But that is impossible according to the concept of space-time continuum. This is the main problem between quantum and relativity. The space-time continuum in SRT!!! In quantum physics, there is no the concept of force. there is only quantum states, and each quantum state defined by frequency. Transforming from quantum state to the other leading to loose or gain energy of frequency f . And since acceleration leads to change velocity, and thus changing kinetic energy, thus in order to reach to the fundamental force unified, you must define the force in terms of frequency, or in other words defining the relativistic Newton's second law in terms of frequency. But that is impossible according to the concept of space-time continuum. This the problem. All  attempts will fail according to the concept of space-time continuum. Can you imagine where is the concept of force in quantum, and how the concept of force is hidden by the Schrodenger equation?

Dear Azzam

"Why you do not you try to refuse the old concept of space-time continuum?" Interesting question. I will do, but step by step. Of the first we should reconsider the relativistic Newton's second law that I did.

"To unify fundamental force, it is required to define it in terms of frequency only, and this is the idea of Heisenberg. "

In my opinion, we can not unify fundamental forces without understanding what fields made of? I started with explaining electric and magnetism field and interaction between charged particles.

Dear Hossein, 

As you said " we can not unify fundamental forces without understanding what fields made of" interesting! In my opinion What let we understand what fields made of is the equivalence principle. Fields are related to each other by the equivalence principle. The problem appears again in GR depending on the space-time continuum in SRT, which resulted the curved space-time in case of non-inertial frames, and this complicated the problem when we tried to unify between quantum and gravity. Or in other words it is impossible to reach to the unified theory depending on the concept of Einstein of the space-time continuum. I agree with you completely and you are right "we should reconsider the relativistic Newton's second law", But the problem is how according to the space-time continuum of Einstein and the equivalence principle of Einstein... Believe me it is impossible!!! 

Dear Azzam

" But the problem is how according to the space-time continuum of Einstein and the equivalence principle of Einstein... Believe me it is impossible!!! "

I believe you. I think we should focus on sub atomic particles and their structures.

Dear Hossein,

What is the vacuum? Is it empty? Let's start from the moving train at constant velocity. Why time dilation exists within the space of the moving train in x, y and z. Is time dilation related to the vacuum within the range of the space of the moving train in x,y and z, or  it is related to the relative velocity and that appears the twin paradox? What is the difference between if time dilation is related to the vacuum within the space of the moving train or related to the relative velocity of the moving train. If time dilation is related to the relative velocity as Einstein said, but the length contraction exists in the direction of the velocity only for example in the x-direction, while y and z remain as they are in the Lorentz transformation. Remember, when the train moves with constant speed v, within space of the moving train in x, y and z, the space is empty for the rider of the moving as if the train is stationary. 

I think we must start from this point of view because it is related to the Lorentz transformation equations, and how the Lorentz transformation must be relative velocity dependent or vacuum energy dependent. The answer of this question is related to entropy also, and how time dilation is related to entropy. 

Dear Azzam

"What is the vacuum? Is it empty?" No, vacuum is full of color charge and magnetic color that virtual photons are made up of them.

Also, time dilation depends to the nature existence. Lorentz transformation is not able to explain beyond the speed of light.

Dear Hossein,

I asked you these questions according to relativity, so I hope to answer my questions according to relativity not quantum theory. The answer of these questions is same according to relativity and quantum. But the problem is how to understand that according to Lorentz transformation. So, I hope to discuss these questions according to relativity not quantum first, and then that will lead you to understand everything according to quantum. Because of that at the beginning of my discussion I told you let's start by the Lorentz transformation equations. You always answer me according to quantum theory, while my questions are related to relativity, and the Einstein interpretation to the Lorentz transformation equations.

Dear Azzam

Our problem is the nature of physical phenomena. So, our discuss is on high speed and Planck scale. As you know quantum electrodynamics (QED) unified quantum mechanics and special relativity. As I told before Lorentz transformation equations work well at the high speed close to speed of ligh, but we should generalize Lorentz transformation equations from light speed to beyond light speed.

Dear Hossein,

"So, our discuss is on high speed and Planck scale" you are right. In Planck scale since the equivalent mass is too small, then  we must deal in Planck scale as relativistic. Relative to "quantum electrodynamics (QED) unified quantum mechanics and special relativity" yes you are right, but they are not unified in the basis.This is the main problem in physics relative to quantum and relativity. As I informed you the problem is in the Lorentz transformation as interpreted by Einstein in SRT.  Generalize Lorentz transformation equations from light speed to beyond light speed, The solution is very simple, you just quit the space-time continuum in the Lorentz transformation equations as adopted by Einstein, and then all the problems in physics will be solved....All the problems in physics will be solved. Quantum theory deals with frequency, which means time, and thus Lorentz transformation must be reinterpreted basis on time only, not space-time continuum.

Do you know why the discreteness and discontinuity, indeterminism, uncausality which existed in quantum can't be interpreted according to relativity, because of the concept of Einstein of the space-time continuum which is adopted in his interpretation to the Lorentz transformation. Because of the space-time continuum, it is resulted determinism, causality and continuity in SRT. Because of that Einstein could not interpret the Spooky action and quantum  entanglement according to his space-time continuum in SRT.  

Dear Azzam

Why continuous spacetime looks? Because, both special and general relativity have based on visible evidences. While virtual space-time scale is very smaller than of the visible scale. So, physicists were forced to used uncertainty principle for describe invisible evidence.

Dear Hossein,

I have a surprise for you, Please read this new discovery https://www.sciencenews.org/article/speed-light-not-so-constant-after-all

I told you before Lorentz transformation is not relative speed dependent, it must be vacuum energy dependent. which leads there is no space-time continuum, it is only time, and thus the Lorentz factor equivalent to the refractive index in optics. And that leads to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the wave-particle duality, The VSL produced by observation. which is related to the difference of the vacuum energy, which means vacuum fluctuations. Physicists must understand what is the form of the Lorentz transformation if it is vacuum energy dependent.

Dear Hossein,

Do you think all of these experiments which I predicted in their results in my paper http://dx.doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2014.10.002 are agreed with with my theory for chance. 

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/12/141219085153.htm?utm_source=feedburner

http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/news/2014/jul/28/new-correction-to-speed-of-light-could-explain-sn1987-neutrino-burst

https://www.sciencenews.org/article/speed-light-not-so-constant-after-all

And there are more and more!

I told all the problems in physics will be solved according to my modification of the relativity.

Dear Azzam

Thank you very much for link. As I told before there is good ideas in your theory. But this article does not show we do not need to review relativistic Newton second law.

Dear Hossein,

According to my theory quantum theory and relativity become one theory, and they related to each others. The concept of quantization or discreteness occurs from the relativistic effect and also the relativistic effect occurs also depending  on the difference of the vacuum or the potential. and that is impossible to be understood without the modification of the equivalence principle, and that required to review the relativistic Newton's second law.You are completely right  in your idea of the relativistic Newton's second law, and that interpreted the most problems regarded to quantization of gravity, Especially GR is not completely relativistic. Because of that the equivalence principle of Einstein can't interpret the Bond-Rebka experiment and the red and blue shift of gravity, and as I told in my paper Proponents of the theory of General Relativity offer three different conflicting explanations of the results of the The Pound-Rebka experiment that are said to be equivalent to each other and therefore all equally correct. All make the claim that the results of the Pound-Rebka Experiment are “proof” of the Equivalence Principle even though nothing in these measurements suggests any need for the Equivalence Principle. Franson in his paper [32] J D Franson 2014 New J. Phys. 16 065008

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/16/6/065008 calculated that, treating light as a quantum object, the change in a photon's velocity depends not on the strength of the gravitational field, but on the gravitational potential itself. However, this leads to a violation of Einstein's equivalence principle – that gravity and acceleration are indistinguishable – because, in a gravitational field, the gravitational potential is created along with mass, whereas in a frame of reference accelerating in free fall, it is not. Therefore, one could distinguish gravity from acceleration by whether a photon slows down or not when it undergoes particle–antiparticle creation. All of that can be interpreted according to my theory. Furthermore the VSL according to my reinterpretation of the Lorentz transformation according to the Copenhagen school. The information are too much and regarded to all branches of physics. It is new physics!