Roughage feeds are poor in nutritional quality. There is effort to improve the feed quality of these feeds. I would like therefore to know the most recent physco chemical treatment method, including enzymes.
roughage feeds are poor in energy and nitrogen, and rich in fibres (cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin). One not recent but very cheap and easy to run method to improve feeding value of roughages is to treat them with liquid ammonia or better with urea solution, resulting in increased digestibility, intake, energy and crude protein values, probably through increased yeast and bacteria activity. It was developed at the farm level in many countries (Africa, SE Asia) 30-40 years ago. see for ex. http://www.fao.org/waicent/faoinfo/AGRICULT/AGA/AGAP/FRG/TAP61/61_30.pdf
Thank you very much @Maurice Mahieu for sharing the useful document. But my interest is on recent roughage feed improvement methods. The experience could also be from bio fuel production.
There is 3 ways I interested to improve the the nutritive values of roughage feed.
The 1st way is yeast probiotics supplementation in the diets of ruminants.
http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs-wm/39623.pdf
http://www.academicjournals.org/journal/IJLP/article-full-text-pdf/B2FAF4458661
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09712119.2011.607698
The 2nd way is supplementation of easily digestible fibre into the ruminant diets.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22250738
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23035709
The 3rd way is ensiling with fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB).
http://www.livestockscience.com/article/S1871-1413(11)00014-X/abstract?cc=y=
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