The most common type of hybrid system contains a gas or diesel powered engine generator. Another hybrid approach is a PV/Wind system. Adding a wind turbine to a PV system provides complementary power generation. The diesel generator is used to constantly fill in the gap between the present load and the actual generated power by the PV system. In areas where the grid is unstable, it is advisable to have a diesel generator that makes network functions to provide sufficient energy demanded by consumers with the addition of batteries that provide the kit for energy independence, either from the mains or diesel generator, depending on the battery capacity, in addition to improving the quality of the grid electric supply.

Paper(s):

1) J.L. Kirtley, “Electric Power Principles - Sources, Conversion, Distribution and Use”, Wiley, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA, 2010.

2) M.R. Patel, “Wind and Solar Power Systems - Design, Analysis, and Operation Second Edition”, Taylor & Francis, U.S. Merchant Marine Academy Kings Point, New York, U.S.A., March 1999.