It is well known that carbonization methods, such as pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization, lead to the production of three fractions, namely chars/hydrochars, bio-oil, and biogas. The use of these by-products was exhaustively cited in the energetic, environmental and agricultural fields. However, for bio-oil, these solutions were not properly exploited in the agricultural field, although presenting interesting contents in N, P, K nutrients especially when the feedstock is lignocellulosic biomass, due to their high acidity and to their significant content in organic materials.

According to you, is it interesting to follow this research path, where bio-oil could lead to the production of soil fertilizers? and if so, what are the best techniques that could be used for a proper nutrients recovery, all by taking into account the physio-chemical properties of the bio-oil?

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