The likelihood of achieving sustainable peace.

International actors, including the United Nations and various non-governmental organizations, have been significantly involved in humanitarian assistance and peacebuilding initiatives. However, inadequate coordination and lack of alignment with local needs have limited their effectiveness. The lack of a strong peacekeeping presence and the emphasis on immediate humanitarian assistance rather than long-term development strategies have led to persistent socio-economic inequalities.

Achieving sustainable peace and stability in Libya requires a comprehensive, comprehensive and coordinated strategy for post-conflict reconstruction. The findings of this study underscore the need for a decentralized governance framework that empowers local communities, improves accountability and transparency in state institutions, and ensures the active participation of local actors in the reconstruction process. Addressing the root causes of the conflict, such as political marginalization and economic inequality, is essential to fostering sustainable peace. Neglecting these fundamental issues is likely to perpetuate instability in Libya.Areas and ways of participation of non-governmental organizations and public organizations in the implementation of special tasks to achieve the necessary synergy and strengthen national resilience have been identified. Such main areas may include, in particular: preparation of draft recommendations for improving government policies in the areas of national security, protection of citizens' rights and freedoms, constitutional order; conducting a public review of national security bills, preparation of draft national security laws, monitoring relevant documents to increase the efficiency of their implementation and the responsibility of executors; collection of open source information on behalf of intelligence and special services, preparation of analytical studies and reports on specific issues on a contractual basis; participation in planning and implementation of certain special operations under the general guidance and coordination of intelligence and special services; development of basic science in the interests of national security and defense, conducting applied research, creating new technologies; preparation of proposals for the implementation of national security laws; development of appropriate mechanisms and procedures for public control; respect for freedom of speech, fundamental rights and freedoms of citizens. Non-governmental organizations, national security, the security and defense sector, special services, and intelligence are essential in Libya.

Indeed, the dominance of humanitarian relief efforts at the expense of sustainable development has led to a lack of long-term vision, which has, in turn, perpetuated social and economic disparities. However, I believe that the upcoming phase—especially in light of the anticipated political and security transformations in 2025—offers a real opportunity to redirect international efforts from emergency interventions toward a developmental partnership approach. This would require empowering local Libyan actors to lead the agenda and strengthening national institutions as the cornerstone of any viable state-building project. I truly appreciate your insights and look forward to further constructive dialogue on this vital topic. With sincere regards and appreciation,