For example I have milled carbon fiber.....i don't know how to consider the type of such reinforcements. Is milled carbon fiber classified into short fibers?or is it particles?
In order to be effectively considered for a fiber for reinforcement purpose, it is necessary to have an aspect ratio (L/D) > 800. Please read attached,
It depends on the size of your ground fibers. Once you have measured the diameter and length, you can refer to the Engineering Mechanics of Composite Materials by Isaac Daniel and Ori Ishai.
In Chapter 2, (section 2.4 page 24), the book discusses the difference between Particulate filler, short fibers or whiskers and continuous fibers. I do not know how fine you have ground your carbon fibers, but I'm not sure if you can call them powder.
For polymer matrices reinforced by rigid fibers - the aspect ratio > 20 is already quite OK. Of corse the larger the L/D (aspect ratio) - the higher the effect of reinforcement is.