Habitat is a place where an organism lives in nature, while niche is a physical space occupied by an organism and its functional role in the community.
Hello Marwa; As Mr. Singh points out the terms differ in which aspects of a species' biology are being described.
1. Habitat describes WHERE the species lives. The habitat of African Giraffes is tropical savanna and scrublands. The habitat of micorrhizal fungi includes the root nodules of legumes.
2. The niche describes HOW the species makes a living in the habitat. Sunbirds' niche could be described as flower nectar feeders. Jackals are generalist predators. Rabbits are generalist browsers. These descriptions sometimes emphasize diet (in animals). For microbes the niche description might emphasize which metabolic pathways are emphasized.
It would be a good idea to read some of these ideas in sources in your particular field. The emphasis varies from one field to another. I study ant ecology and my characterizations reflect that field. Best regards; Jim Des Lauriers
EP Odum (American scientist, pioneer in the field of ecology) illustrates the issue of habitat by providing a very easy definition of access to produce an image difference between habitat and ecological niche: "the habitat of a species would be its "address", while its "ecological niche" would speak of its profession.
Habitat is a natural place where an organism gets all requirements i.e. all necessary components biotic and abiotic factors which unit to form a suitable and survivable place. while niche is a particular place within habitat where an organism performs all its activity and interaction with other organism. For example house is habitat and a room where you live and do all othet activity is a niche.
Dear Marwa H Al-Khafaji, in ecology the niche of a species is a hyperdimensional volume that is composed by a set of conditions (e.g. humidity, temperature, light) and resources (e.g. food (nutrient, water), habitat (to nidification, reproduce, sleeping, safety), sexual partners, whatever... this list in huge) that a species needs to live and reproduce. As above mentioned by James Des Lauriers, habitat is ONLY a place WHERE this species lives and it is a single part of the niche of this species. There is a lot of confusion on this topic, mainly caused (in my oppinion) by these previous simplistic definitions of niche as a habitat or function of a species (let these simplistic ideias to go). Niche is much more than that. As it is hyperdimensional, these simplistic definitions did not make sense. If you intend to said about the place (i.e. the physical, geographical place) where your species live, use habitat. If you intend to said about their many dimensions of conditions and resources, including habitat, use niche. Simple as that. I hope to have helped you. Cheers.
Niche is the role of species in the habitat where it includes interactions with other species as well as on their responses to physical and biological nature such as decomposition, light absorption, heat exchange, etc. On the other hand, habitat is the area where species live. Also, habitat is usually composed of network of interacting species (thus, also composed of complex niches) and it supplies abiotic resources such as light, humidity, minerals, and other needs necessary to sustain life
Habitat is where an animal species choose to live in. Habitat contains every resources for an animal to make a living. However, when you talk about habitat, you may aware that habitat is scale dependent, spatially and temporally. From the spatial scale, habitat could be a foraging or roosting tree at the smallest scale, to home range and territory size in the intermediate scale, to the landscape and region and even larger scale. From the temporal scale, it could be divided into, i.e., the diurnal and nocturnal habitat, summer and winter habitat. Niche also show an animal's utilization on resources in the environment. However, when you talk niche, you may more focus on division of resources between the animal you study and other species use the same resources. Therefore, niche has been more studied when researchers focused on competition between closely related species. In contrast with the scale dependent of "habitat use/selection/preference", niche breadth also changes with the availability of resources and the demands of animals temporally, and more importantly, with the competition with closely related species.
I personally like Odum's (1971) definition when explaining these concepts for the students: A habitat is the place where an organism lives - "where you go to find it".
The niche is explained as it functional/ecological "role in the community".
Dear Marwa H Al-Khafaji , allow me differentiate between a Habitat and a niche. A habitat can simply be defined as an area in the environment where a living thing can survive and grow, while a niche is that part of the habitat where a living thing makes it a home. A habitat therefore has a number of niche and can support various species. On the other hand, a niche has no components and supports only a single species. A niche therefore gives a species an opportunity to live in more than one niche during the different stages of its life cycle.
The habitat is not only the place where it lives (or the address), but it would include also the environmental conditions for what it is adapted to live and it has evolved. The niche is not only the function, but the resources that it need to explode (including the habitat), it includes the function that it mades, but also the environmental conditions, the space and time that it needs to made his function and lives.