Landsat 9 carries the same instruments that are on the Landsat 8 satellite but with some improvements:

• Operational Land Imager-2 (OLI-2) for reflective band data.
• Thermal Infrared Sensor-2 (TIRS-2) for the thermal infrared bands.
• OLI-2 has a slightly improved signal-to-noise ratio over Landsat 8's OLI.

Landsat 9 improvements include higher radiometric resolution for OLI-2 (14-bit quantization increased from 12-bits for Landsat 8) allowing sensors to detect more subtle differences, especially over darker areas such as water or dense forests.

Regards

Landsat 9 has a high temporal resolution (8 Days once) and high imaging capacity.

It's optical (OLI-2) and thermal (TIRS) sensors acquire data in the same wavelengths as Landsat 8, with the same spatial resolution (15 m in panchromatic, 30 meters in multispectral, 100 m in thermal). It still has a difference: optical data coded on 14 bits and no longer on 12 bits, which should make it possible to better differentiate the spectral signatures in shadow areas or in dark environments such as water.

Landsat 9 detects more subtle differences than its predecessor, especially with regard to dark areas such as water or dense forests. With improved radiometric resolution, Landsat 9's OLI-2 sensor can differentiate between 16,384 shades at a given wavelength. By comparison, Landsat 8 provided 4,096 shades. Landsat 9 now replaces Landsat 7 which had only 256 shades. The TIRS-2 thermal infrared sensor, meanwhile, significantly reduced stray light, allowing better atmospheric correction for more accurate surface temperature measurements.

Regards

Landsat 9 has an improvement with adding OLI and it has a high temporal resolution.