What are the applications of remote sensing and GIS for management of land and water resources and role of remote sensing in land resource mapping?
GIS and information technology are interdisciplinary majors. Remote sensing of the Earth makes it possible to primarily monitor changes and see what is changing. For Ukraine: - this is the mapping of soil pollution from the war; - this is forecasting the consequences of emergency situations, for example, an explosion at a nuclear power plant that was seized by terrorists of the Russian Federation; - this is the planning of measures and financing of land restoration in de-occupied territories (for example, areas for demining, reclamation of fields from mechanical and physical impact due to war). In a peaceful world, this is forecasting and modeling of the development of settlements and infrastructure for transport.
Point clouds obtained by remote sensing methods make it easier for us to model the terrain and make sense of it with GIS applications. The biggest advantage of remote sensing is that very large areas can be mapped without going to the field. Today, with the development of unmanned aerial vehicles and drones, regional studies can now be mapped with lower budgets. If 3-dimensional mapping can be done, all data such as slope, water, aspect, wooded/vacant lands, important roads, mountains, settlements and sea coasts can provide all the necessary data to understand the terrain. Mapping with LIDAR also enables the detection of underground resources and archaeological remains, the best example of which is the ancient city of Angkor Vat.
Remote sensing provides critical data sources for mapping water resources and changes, while GIS provides the best tool for water resource and flood risk management, presentation, visualization and publication education. Remote sensing techniques have been widely used to delineate the surface water bodies, estimate meteorological variables like temperature and precipitation, estimate hydrological state variables like soil moisture and land surface characteristics, and to estimate fluxes such as evapotranspiration.The geospatial technology like RS/GIS/ Global Positioning System(GPS) are having various applications in land suitability and productivity assessment; land use planning, land degradation assessment, quantification of land resources constraints; land management, agricultural technology transfer, agricultural inputs. Application of Remote Sensing and GIS (Geographic Information System) becomes a very important tool in delineating stream flow and demarcation of watershed and sub watershed. It helps in analyzing the various techniques that could be implemented in carrying research for maintaining watershed management. The use of remote sensing and GIS tools to map LULC and detect changes is a cost-effective means of gaining a detailed understanding of the land cover change processes and their repercussions.The main objective of remote sensing is to map and monitor the earth's resources. computerized software that stores, retrieves, manipulates, analyses and displays geographically referenced data sets, which can be used for different applications. The main objective of remote sensing is to map and monitor the earth's resources and computerized software that stores, retrieves, manipulates, analyses and displays geographically referenced data sets, which can be used for different applications. For land use and land cover mapping, remote sensing gives a synoptic picture and multi-temporal data. The use of remote sensing and GIS tools to map LULC and detect changes is a cost-effective means of gaining a detailed understanding of the land cover change processes and their repercussions.The information on the location and condition of current vegetation is one of the key elements in resource management. Remote sensing data, such as aerial photographs, satellite imagery, aerial video, and data collected by other remote devices, are primary sources for mapping vegetation. Cameras on satellites and airplanes can take images of large areas on the Earth, which makes mapping the Earth possible. Sonar systems on ships can create images of the ocean floor, which helps in providing information for marine science
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