It is very difficult to understand what you want to ask. It will help if you clarify your question. Please, give a look to different authors in RG, working with different organisms, and you will see one paper after the other with phylogenetic studies and different hypotheses of phylogenetic relationships, either morphological, molecular, etc. 

Madam , I want to say other than sysytematics is there any application of Phylogeny ? I have referred many articles ,book chapters but i have a doubt in my mind is Phylogeny alwys can be used in finding the morphological and molecular relationships ..(Basically sysytematics, Phylogeography,Population studies ) Can we use phylogeny in other branch of Science ?

It can be also useful in studing co-evolution of different species, if this is what you mean

Ok Thanks ..

The term phylogeny implies relationships. For instance, the ancestor-descendent relationships between plants / animal species that, if I understand you correctly, is what you imply in your messages. Human family trees are a kind of phylogeny and they can be important in medicine when tracing certain sickness; they may also be important in sociology and anthropology. I am uncertain if we can use the term phylogeny or ancestor-descendent relationship to other things out side living organisms.  

Thanks Gloria .. Yes it was welcoming to know hw well u wrote ..I wanted to understand the phylogeny deeper aspects in different branches of work we do .. The particular aspects to of Human family tree to understand the different diseases is really important in the present scenario ..Hopefully the advanced studies on Phylogeny work is very diverse and its from basic stage to more advanced stage .. 

Thank you ..for your wonderful answer ..

Phylogeny is the science of the evolutionary relationships among species. it is important in many biological areas to understand biological process. this implies that changes are gradual and continuous, in the relation ancestro descendent. it aplication include different disciplines in biological siencie, it use requiere deep undertanding of the relationships among relatives and the mechanism of who each gene or region evolve. for better undestanding you can visito the EMBL-EBI web Why is phylogenetics important?

If you are asking about the broader applicability of the methodology and modes of thinking that go into phylogenetics, the answer is very much yes. My favourite example is phylolinguistics, which traces the evolution and spread of languages.

So many applications for phylogeny. Mapping characters of any sort (morphological, ecological, biochemical) is terribly important for understanding how evolution works.

Understanding phylogeny is understanding evolution itself so the applications are endless from ecology to medicine (tracking infectious disease, tracking genetic disease), to demographics and the genetics of populations.

It is an objective (but not without stochastic error) to model the evolutionary process.

""Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution"  T.Dobzhansky (1973). So it is hard to imagine a biological discipline that might not benefit from phylogeny.

Thank Leon, Matthew, Patrice for such a diverse discussion of the topic of Phylogenetics

Surely lot of methodology to develop and applications is there .

Modern comparative biology is one.  Phylogenies can be used to detect ecological correlations above the species level, while controlling for phylogenetic effects (correlations that stem from genetic relatedness).  

 Hi Allen 

"ecological correlations above the species level, while controlling for phylogenetic effects" I didnt understand properly can u please explain in detail .. 

With regards 

Sarkar

For work on genes and proteins (and genomes I guess, although the situation is a bit fuzzy here), it can be a useful tool to detect unusual rates of mutation/evolution.

 Yeah but many scientists and Prof has guided me in a very good way ..Even i was bit confused  regarding the aspects and Phylogeny uses but it has lot of importance after reading and working on it .."Unusual rates of Mutation /Evolution " How do u determine that ? Any paper or discussion will clarify further ..

Regards Ivan ..

Hi, S. Sarkar,

about, "ecological correlations above the species level, while controlling for phylogenetic effects".  Evidence for evolution comes partly from when we see that several species are adapted in a similar way to something in the environment.  However, if those species are closely related, then we have to consider that their similar adaptations may be more due to their genetic relatedness rather than their ecology.  For example, if I told you that of the ~100 species of wood warblers (Parulinae), most species that nest on the ground (~15 species) live in tropical climates, you might think that there is something about the tropics that causes these species to adapt to ground-nesting.  However, if I also told you that most of these tropical ground-nesting species all belong to the same genus (Basileuterus), you would be forgiven for thinking this has more to do with genetic similarities than the environment.  

Computational biologists have developed statistical methods for removing the effect of phylogeny on an analysis of such correlations among species.  Most of these methods use a phylogeny in their calculations.  

Allen

To understand how any character evolved, you need to map it onto a tree, or model its evolution on a tree. Phylogenetics is what provides the tree...

Gina C. Gould & Bruce MacFadden: "Nothing in evolution makes sense without a phylogeny"!

Very good explanation Allen ..Thank you I understood