Background:

That in observed instances and Perception of Corruption index reports, Police have detained motorists or coerced them into parting with bribes. That in many countries, Police lack the necessary tools for on-the-spot inspection and preservation of evidence e.g cameras or online mobile devices. That even when the Police cause a vehicle to be driven to Police stations, the Police stations lack the necessary equipment to provide Inspection as anticipated in respective Traffic Acts. That on matters Traffic, the Police stations become centers of extortion, frustration and inconvenience as opposed to service and facilitation for the benefit of motorists. That in many countries, there is no tracking of how many stops and inspections Police conduct in their daily routine thus leaving room for abuse of these random checks and stops.

This project seeks to establish the circumstances that lead to the lack of transparency in Traffic policing activities

References:

1. Police Corruption Perceptions Index: https://www.indexmundi.com/surveys/results/1

2. Police Corruption is becoming a Pandemic too: https://www.transparency.org/en/news/police-corruption-is-becoming-a-pandemic-too

3. Crime, Poverty and Police Corruption in Developing Countries: https://www.cmi.no/publications/file/3078-crime-poverty-and-police-corruption.pdf

4. Core Factors of Police Corruption Across the World: https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/publications/core_factors.pdf

5. Australia struggles to improve global corruption perception ranking: https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=7b4c3fea-fd7b-47f0-a455-29b047413c7e

6. To Serve and Collect: Measuring Police Corruption: https://www.jstor.org/stable/1144321?seq=1

7. Measuring Corruption: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057%2F9781137023865_3

8. What Do Corruption Indices Measure?: https://uh.edu/~gujhelyi/corrmeasures.pdf

9. Police (mis)behavior: a cross‐cultural study of corruption seriousness: https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/13639510510614609/full/html?skipTracking=true

10. WHAT DETERMINES CORRUPTION? INTERNATIONAL EVIDENCE FROM MICRO DATA: https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w10460/w10460.pdf